Adhesion to fabrics

Adhesion to fabrics Very good Good Fair Good... 

Rubber is frequently used as a composite with other solids, for example in tyres, belting and coated fabrics, or may be in contact with other solids during use. The testing of composite materials or products containing rubber is, in general, outside the scope of this book but certain tests which are usually considered to be rubber tests are included here. These are adhesion to metals, adhesion to fabrics, adhesion to cord, corrosion of metals and paint staining. 

It is worth remembering, and this is applicable also to adhesion to fabrics or any other substrate, that adhesion is only a tiny part of testing rubbers whereas it is the prime consideration for adhesives. Hence, for a fuller understanding of the relevance and limitations of adhesion tests as well as for alternative test methods it is suggested that reference should be made to the great volume of literature from that industry. 

Abrasion resistance Electrical properties Compression set resistance Tear resistance Tensile strength Adhesion to metals Adhesion to fabrics Rebound, cold and hot Resistance to heat aging and flame... 

Rubber Compounding. Specialty phenolic resins are used as processing aids, tackifiers, adhesives to fabric, and for reinforcement. 

Bonding Agents. Phenohc resins are added to plastisols for adhesion to metals. Isocyanates are added to plastisols for adhesion to fabrics. 

The single outstanding physical property of butyl rubber is its impermeability. Its abrasion resistance, tear resistance, and adhesion to fabrics and metals is good. The flame resistance of butyl rubber is poor. Table 4.7 lists the physical and mechanical properties of butyl rubber. 

Light-weight, low density, high strength-to-weight, two component MDI-based liquid systems for composite RRIM application offering particular attraction for automotive door panels, interior trim and sunshades. Demonstrate excellent adhesion to fabric and vinyl. 

Poor resistance to oil, gasoline and hydrocarbon solvents Adhesion to fabrics and metal is poor... 

Outstanding resilience High tensile strength Superior resistance to tear and abrasion Excellent rebound elasticity Good flexibility at low temperatures Excellent tack, self-adhesion Excellent adhesion to fabrics and metals Poor resistance to heat, ozone and sunlight Little resistance to oil, gasoline and hydrocarbon solvents... 

The preparation of flocked fabric using acryflc adhesives is detailed in Reference 198. In flocking, cut fibers are bonded to an adhesive-coated fabric to achieve both a decorative and a functional effect. Acrylics can be tailored to provide the unique balance between softness and durability required for this... 

The polymers of the 2-cyanoacryhc esters, more commonly known as the alkyl 2-cyaiioacrylates, are hard glassy resins that exhibit excellent adhesion to a wide variety of materials. The polymers are spontaneously formed when their Hquid precursors or monomers are placed between two closely fitting surfaces. The spontaneous polymerisation of these very reactive Hquids and the excellent adhesion properties of the cured resins combine to make these compounds a unique class of single-component, ambient-temperature-curing adhesives of great versatiUty. The materials that can be bonded mn the gamut from metals, plastics, most elastomers, fabrics, and woods to many ceramics. 

Silicon-containing Pis, useflil as insulation and protective materials, demonstrate adhesion to fibers, fabrics, glass, quartz, and carbon (36). The synthetic method used is the reaction of the silicon-containing dianhydride with diamines. 

Many of the unique properties of siUcone oils are associated with the surface effects of dimethylsiloxanes, eg, imparting water repeUency to fabrics, antifoaming agents, release liners for adhesive labels, and a variety of poHshes and waxes (343). Dimethylsilicone oils can spread onto many soHd and Hquid surfaces to form films of molecular dimensions (344,345). This phenomenon is greatly affected by even small changes in the chemical stmcture of siloxane in the siloxane polymer. Increasing the size of the alkyl substituent from methyl to ethyl dramatically reduces the film-forming abiUty of the polymer (346). The phenyl-substituted siUcones are spread onto water or soHd surfaces more slowly than PDMS (347). 

Introduced successfully for tires in 1967, glass fibers had properties that made them very attractive for use in tires (5,8). The britdeness of glass fibers, however, imposed some limitations on the final tine cord properties because of the requirement that each fiber be individually coated with a mbbery adhesive to avoid interfilament damage during fabrication and use. This additional treatment step is introduced at the fiber manufacturing stage. For several years fiber glass was used extensively in bias-belted and radial tires, but was ultimately replaced by steel belts in radial tires. 

Adhesives and Sealants. Most industrial adhesives contain surface active components and additives, and air entrainment during their mechanical appHcation can significantly reduce joint strength. Defoamers are usually formulated into adhesives to protect users against such difficulties. Additional benefits, such as improved uniformity of products, increased throughput and reduced labor costs can also result from the use of defoamers during adhesive appHcation. The footwear and nonwoven fabric industries are extensive users of defoamers in this way. 

Adhesion. Commercially available 1- or 2-coat adhesive systems produce mbber failure in bonds between ethylene—acryflc elastomer and metal (14). Adhesion to nylon, polyester, or aramid fiber cord or fabric is greatest when the cord or fabric have been treated with carboxylated nitrile mbber latex. 

In contrast to processes that rely on adhesion to join particles in the fabrication... 

Quite often, NBR adhesives are used to bond various kinds of gasketing (cork, fibre, foam, rubber, metal) to rigid superstructures, such as aircraft. Films cast from solution are often used to fabricate honeycomb structures for aircraft. 

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