Acute hospitals

Infections of the respiratory tract are among the commonest of infections, and account for much consultation in general practice and a high percentage of acute hospital admissions. They are divided into infections of the upper respiratory tract, involving the ears, throat, nasal sinuses and the trachea, and the lower respiratory tract (LRT), where they affect the airways, lungs and pleura. 

Several of the individual problems and risks increasing and cumulating the risk for morbidity and mortality in the elderly are presented in this book. Each of them is presented in more detail elsewhere. Special attention should be given to patients with severe diseases, polypharmacy, high-alert medications, several prescribers, several acute hospital admissions, and low compliance. It is important to understand that the problems and risks are interconnected. One problem lead to another in a cascade, where the net benefit to harm relation, might be negative. 

Jones AC, Berman P, Doherty M. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug usage and requirement in elderly acute hospital admissions. Br J Rheumatol 1992 31(l) 45-8. 

Home care or hospital at home is defined as a service that provides active treatment by healthcare professionals in the patient s home of a condition that otherwise would require acute hospital in-patient care, always for a limited time period. ... 

Richards, S.H. Coast, J. Gunnell, D.J. Peters, T.J. Pounsford, J. Darlow, M.A. Randomised controlled trial effectiveness and acceptability of an early discharge, hospital at home scheme with acute hospital care. BMJ 1998, 316, 1796-1801. 

The presentation of signs and symptoms consistent with an SSI in relation to previous smgery is an important consideration when evaluating therapeutic outcomes after smgical prophylaxis. Many SSIs wifi not be evident dming acute hospitalization. In fact, SSIs may not become evident until up to 30 days later or, in the case of prosthe-... 

In the bipolar II disorders, there have been one or more major depressive episodes and no history of either a manic or mixed episode. Bipolar II disorders are best described as alternating episodes of major depression and periods of hypomania (Maxman Ward, 1995). These hypomanic symptoms include increased levels of energy and mood that are not as intense as manic episodes, and clients with bipolar II disorder do not become delusional or requite acute hospitalization (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). 

Table 4.3 Adverse events in acute hospitals in ten countries...

Hogan, H Olsen, S., Scobie, S. etal. (2008) What can we learn about patient safety from information sources within an acute hospital a step on the ladder of integrated risk management Quality and Safety in Health Care, 17(3), 209-215. 

West, M.A., Borrill, C., Dawson, J. et al. (2002) The link between the management of employees and patient mortality in acute hospitals. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(8), 1299-1310. 

Implementation of the electronic transfusion process in three acute hospitals... 

In order to identify areas of organisational culture that could be targeted to improve patient safety in Scottish hospitals, a safety culture survey was conducted. The aims of the study were first, to obtain a measure of safety culture from a sample of NHS acute hospitals in Scotland and then to test whether these culture scores were associated with clinical workers safety behaviours and patient and worker injuries. This would also provide a measure of safety culture within the Scottish acute hospital sector and contribute an organisational cultural perspective to the... 

Agnew, C., Flin, R. and Meams, K. 2013. Patient safety climate and worker safety behaviours in acute hospitals in Scotland. Journal of Safety Research, 45, 95-101. 

Sarac, C. 2011. Safety Climate in Acute Hospitals. PhD thesis. University of Aberdeea... 

Figure 14.1 Positive dimensional scores of 83 acute hospitals (2011)...

Positive dimensional scores are presented for 83 acute hospitals participating in the second Belgian comparative research exercise. Positive dimensional scores (percentages of positive response) were calculated at hospital level by dividing the number of positive answers by the total number of answers for each dimension. Positive dimensional scores are displayed using box plots, which provide an indication of the dispersal between hospitals, possible skewing of data and outliers (hospital level). The box plot includes the smallest observation (sample minimum), lower quartile (Ql), median (Q2), upper quartile (Q3) and largest observation (sample maximmn). 

Only limited studies have examined the evolution of safety culture in a large sample of hospitals. Based on 86,262 respondent records of 111 hospitals, which participated twice in the benchmark initiative, it was possible to measure changes in safety culture. Results of 68 acute hospitals are presented in Figure 14.3. 

Results of first and second measurement for acute hospitals (n>... 

Figure 14.3 Results of the baseline and follow-up safety culture measurement in 68 Belgian acute hospitals...

Notes Results ofthe American pilot study. PH=psychiatric hospitals AH=acute hospitals AHRQ=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quahty. 

Vlayen, A., Schrooten, W., Wami, W, Aerts, M., Garcia Banado, L., Claes, N. and Hellings, J. 2013. Variabihty of patient safety culture in Belgian acute hospitals. Journal of Patient Safety. 27 September 2013 [Epub ahead of print]. 

Dutch and French speaking) and American acute hospitals 313... 

---