Active Tissues

Errera (18) drew attention to four tendencies of alkaloid distribution. Concentration is normally high in (o) very active tissues, growing fruits, etc. (6) epidermis, piliferous layer, and the layers just below them (c) vascular sheaths and other perenchyma adjoining and penetrating the vascular tissue (d) latex vessels, where present. 

Filiferous layer phg phellogen pc cortical parenchyma end endodermis p pericycle  

Transverse section of a shoot of SManum tuberosum ep epidermis pa hair pg glandular hair e collenchyma pc cortical parenchyma co cells with calcium oxalate end endosperm p pericycle le outer phloem li inner phloem. Heavy shading in the epidermis, outer cortex, pericycle, and pith near the internal phloem shows the presence of solanine. From Molle (6). 

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Protein G. This vitamin K-dependent glycoproteia serine protease zymogen is produced ia the Hver. It is an anticoagulant with species specificity (19—21). Proteia C is activated to Proteia by thrombomodulin, a proteia that resides on the surface of endothefial cells, plus thrombin ia the presence of calcium. In its active form, Proteia selectively iaactivates, by proteolytic degradation. Factors V, Va, VIII, and Villa. In this reaction the efficiency of Proteia is enhanced by complex formation with free Proteia S. la additioa, Proteia activates tissue plasminogen activator, which... 

Blood flow to most tissues in the body is determined by the metabolic needs of those tissues. Metabolically active tissues require enhanced delivery of oxygen and nutrients as well as enhanced removal of carbon dioxide and waste products. In general, as the metabolic activity of a tissue increases, its blood flow increases. An important feature of the circulatory system is that each tissue has the intrinsic ability to control its own local blood flow in proportion to its metabolic needs. 

Maturation Status of Dendritic Cells Is Critical for Induction of Regulatory T Cells Dendritic cells (DCs) have long been regarded as key cells for the induction of immunity and are defined as natures adjuvants [1]. However, these function(s) are only assigned to DCs after proper maturation. Fully matured DCs express a multitude of MHC and other T-cell costimulatory molecules, which enable them to induce immune reactions. In contrast, non-activated tissue resident DCs have been shown not to possess these T-cell-stimulating capacities [1]. For this reason they were regarded as immature precursors that later become a real and fully developed DC after activation. 

With alteplase, another endogenous plasminogen activator (tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) is available. With physiological concentrations this activator preferentially acts on plasminogen bound to fibrin. In concentrations needed for therapeutic fibrinolysis this preference is lost and the risk of bleeding does not differ with alteplase and streptokinase. Alteplase is rather short-Liillmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology... 

Plasminogen activator (tissue)— tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) 3.4.21.73 Plasminogen activator (urine)— urokinase ... 

Some adrenomimetic drugs act both directly and indirectly that is, they release some norepinephrine from storage sites and also directly activate tissue receptors. Such drugs are called mixed-action adrenomimetics. However, most therapeutically important adrenomimetic drugs in humans act either directly or indirectly. 

Alkali metals (K, Rb, Cs) behave similarly and sometimes one is accumulated preferentially when another is deficient. A similar case is made for Sr and Ca (Whicker and Schultz 1982a). The most important alkali metal isotope is Cs because of its long physical half-life (30 years) and its abnndance as a fission prodnct in fallout from nuclear weapons and in the inventory of a nuclear reactor or a fuel-reprocessing plant. Cesium behaves much like potassium. It is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and distribnted throughout the active tissues of the body, especially muscle. The P and y radiation from the decay of Cs and its daughter, Ba, result in essentially whole-body irradiation that harms bone marrow (Hobbs and McClellan 1986). 

Which of the following compounds, if added to an active tissue preparation, might be expected to yield the greatest increase in urea production in terms of moles of urea produced per mole of added compound ... 

Keijer, J., Linders, M., van Zonneveld, A. J., Ehrlich, H. J., de Boer, J. P., and Pannekoek, H. (1991). The interaction of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 with plasminogen activators (tissue-type and urokinase-type) and fibrin Localization of interaction sites and physiologic relevance. Blood 78, 401-409. 

Babiuk, S., et al. 2000. Cutaneous vaccination The skin as an immunologically active tissue and the challenge of antigen delivery. J Control Release 66 199. 

The retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors are the most metabolically active tissues in the body and contain large numbers of mitochondria. These generate a lot of heat and waste products and must be supplied by a fast-moving, low resistance network. The retina is supplied by two separate systems that do not overlap the inner retina is supplied by... 

Blood and various organs of humans and other animals contain esterases capable of acetylsalicylic acid hydrolysis. A comparative study has shown that the liver is the most active tissue in all animal species studied except for the guinea pig, in which the kidney is more than twice as active as the liver. Human liver is least active the enzyme in guinea pig liver is the most active. The relatively low toxicity of some of the new synthetic pyrethroid insecticides appears to be related to the ability of mammals to hydrolyze their carboxyester linkages. Thus mouse liver microsomes catalyzing (+)-/runs-resin e 111ri n hydrolysis are more than 30-fold more active than insect microsomal preparations. The relative rates of hydrolysis of this substrate in enzyme preparations from various species are mouse > > milkweed bug > > cockroach > > cabbage looper > housefly. 

Active tissue uptake and binding to intra- and extravascular proteins, however, can substantially increase the volume of distribution of peptide and protein drugs, as for example observed with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) [56]. 

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