Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator rtPA

Fig. 4. Fibrinolytic system where SCUPA is single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator rTPA is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator APSAC is acylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex SK is streptokinase and UK is urokinase.

Yim, K. W., Fractionation of the human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) glycoforms by high-performance capillary zone electrophoresis and capillary isoelectric focusing, /. Chromatogr , 559, 401, 1991. 

During detailed characterization of a tryptic map of recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), a minor peak was resolved whose mass was not consistent with the expected set of tryptic peptides (L. Keyt and S.-L. Wu, unpublished observation). N-terminal sequence analysis of this fraction showed that it had a sequence containing residues 276-296 of rtPA with Lys-277 present as Hyl. We developed a modified amino acid analysis program capable of detecting hydroxylysine at levels down to 0.05 residues/mol to determine the distribution of Hyl in rtPA as well as in some other proteins derived from mammalian cells. 

In a model of thrombin induced thrombosis in the dog coronary artery, 7E3F(ab )2 (0.8mg/kg i.v.) markedly accelerated thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), and fully prevented reocclusion [153]. Similar models were used to show the inferiority of aspirin and dipyr-amidole in the dog coronary artery [154], or of aspirin in the baboon femoral artery [155], compared with 7E3F(ab )2 as adjunctive agents to thrombolysis with rtPA. However, in another dog study using this model, the thrombin in-... 

Examples are streptokinase and alteplase. Streptokinase is naturally produced by streptococcal bacteria whereas alteplase is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA). Streptokinase is antigenic and may provoke an allergic reaction, so it should not be used too often. 

Simoons ML, Arnold AE, Betriu A, et al., for the European Cooperative Study Group for recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rTPA). Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction no additional benefit from immediate percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Lancet 1988 1 197-203. 

Haematologic Intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), also known as alteplase, is a common component of ischaemic stroke management, but its use is associated with intracranial haemorrhage in 6.4% of patients. A 51-year-old woman who had received IV rtPA for acute left middle cerebral artery thromboembolism later presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage from an acutely ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm. The patient xmderwent mechanical thromboembolectomy of the left middle cerebral artery occlusion with recanalization followed by coil embolization of the aneurysm, but she did not improve neurologjcally and ultimately died (32). ... 

Applications of CIEF for the separation of isoforms of transferrin have been reported by several groups. - Transferrin contains different number of sialic acid residues, with an additional -1 charge added per residue. Also, transferrin bound to different amount of iron atoms has been separated by CIEF. Glycoforms of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) is another sialic acid containing protein which has been the subject of analysis by CIEF. - " A rapid (<10 min) one-step method was developed using a coated capillary, HPMC, and urea in a mixture of pH 3-10 and pH 5-8 ampholytes. Ten species could be detected. Intra-assay precision was less than 5% for peak migration times and 10% for normalized peak areas. 

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