Mining acidic environments

Valente, T. Leal Gomes, C. 2009. Occurrence, properties and pollution potential of environmental minerals in acid mine drainage. Science of the Total Environment, 407, 1135-1152. 

Carlson, L. Bigham, J.M. Schwertmann, U. Kyek, A. Wagner, F. (2002) Scavenging of As from acid mine drainage by schwertman-nite and ferrihydrite A comparison with synthetic analogues. Environ. Sd. Tedm. 36 1712-1719... 

Chabbi, A. (1999) Juncus bulbosus as a pioneer species in acidic lignite mining lakes interactions, mechanism and survival strategies. NewPhytol. 144 133-142 Chabbi, A. Hines, M.E. Rumpel, C. (2001) The role of organic carbon excretion by bulbous rush roots and its turnover and utilization by bacteria under iron plaques in extremely acid sediments. Environ. Experimental Botany 46 237-245... 

Karathanasis, A.D. Evangelou,V.P. Thomp-son,Y.L. (1988) Aluminum and iron equilibria in soil solutions and surface waters of acid mine watersheds. J. Environ. Qual. 17 534-543... 

McKinley, J.P. Jenne, E.A. (1991) Experimental investigation and review of the solids concentration" effect in adsorption studies. Environ. Sci. Technol. 25 2082-2087 McKinnon, W. Choung, J.W. Xu, Z. Einch, J.A. (2000) Magnetic seed in ambient temperature ferrite process applied to acid mine drainage treatment. Environ. Sci. Techn. 34 2575-2581... 

Wang,W Xu, Z. Finch, J.A. (1996) Fundamental study if an ambient temperature ferrite proves in the treatment of acid mine drainage. Environ. Sd. Tedm. 30 2604-2608... 

G.L. Grandjean, E. (eds.) Mdssbauer spectroscopy applied to inorganic chemistry. Plenum Publ. Corp., 3 417-444 Webb, J. Macey, D.J. Mann, S. (1989) Biomineralization of iron in molluscan teeth. In Mann, S. Webb, J. Williams, R.J.P. (eds.) Biomineralization Chemical and biochemical perspectives. VCH Weinheim, 345-387 Webster, J.G. Swedlund, P.J. Webster, K.S. (1998) Trace metal adsorption onto an acid mine drainage iron(lll) oxy hydroxy sulfate. Environ. Sci.Techn. 32 1361-1368 Wedepohl, K.H. (1969) Composition and abundance of common igneous rocks. In Wedepohl, K.H. (ed.) Handbook of geochemistry. Springer, Berlin, 1 227-249 Wedepohl, K.H. (1969a) Composition and abundance of common sedimentary rocks. 

Banks, D. 1994. The abandonment of the Killingdal sulphide mine, Norway a saga of acid mine drainage and radioactive waste disposal. Mine Water and the Environment, 13, 35-48. 

In order to preclude this problem and the necessary frequent regeneration of the anion system s suppressor column, an ion chromatography exclusion scheme was utilized. Samples collected in a mine environment were reliably concentrated by freeze-drying and then analyzed on an ICE system with dilute hydrochloric acid eluent. The precision of the ICE method was experimentally determined to be 2.5% in a concentration range of 1 to 10 yg/mL. The accuracy was not independently determined but good precision and recovery yield confidence that measured values are within 5% of the true value. No interferences were observed in the ICE system due to strong acids, carbonic acid or other water soluble species present in mine air subject to diesel emissions. 

Allen, J. M., S. Lucas, and S. K. Allen, Formation of hydroxyl radical in illuminated surface waters contaminated with acidic mine drainage , Environ. Tox. Chem., 15,107-113 (1996). 

Ml It means that the activity of H (discussed in Chapter 8) is I036. D. ft Nordstrom. C. N. Alpers, C. J. Ptacek, and D. W. Blowes. Negative pH and Extremely Acidic Mine Waters from Iron Mountain, California, Environ. Sci. Technoi. 2000, 34.254.]... 

D. W. Blowes, Negative pH and Extremely Acidic Mine Waters from Iron Mountain. California. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34, 254. 

Precipitation refers to dissolved species (such as As(V) oxyanions) in water or other liquids reacting with other dissolved species (such as Ca2+, Fe3+, or manganese cations) to form solid insoluble reaction products. Precipitation may result from evaporation, oxidation, reduction, changes in pH, or the mixing of chemicals into an aqueous solution. For example, As(V) oxyanions in acid mine drainage could flow into a nearby pond and react with Ca2+ to precipitate calcium arsenates. The resulting precipitates may settle out of the host liquid, remain suspended, or possibly form colloids. Like sorption, precipitation is an important process that affects the movement of arsenic in natural environments and in removing arsenic from contaminated water (Chapters 3 and 7). 

Although calcium arsenates may readily precipitate in acid mine drainage and form in flue gas treatment systems, Robins and Tozawa (1982) warn that the compounds may not have long-term stability, which could lead to disposal and environmental problems. Besides dissolving under acidic conditions, the presence of carbonate, bicarbonate, or CO2 may decompose calcium arsenates. When calcium arsenates react with CO2, calcium carbonate forms and the arsenic could be released into the environment (Ghimire et al., 2003, 4946 Jing, Korfiatis and Meng, 2003, 5055-5056). 

Allen SK, Allen JM, Lucas S. 1996. Dissolved metal concentrations in surface waters from west-central Indiana contaminated with acidic mine drainage. Bull Environ Contain Toxicol 56 240-243. 

Filipek LH, Nordstrom DK, Ficklin WH. 1987. Interaction of acid mine drainage with waters and sediments of West Squaw Creek in the West Shasta mining district, California. Environ Sci Technol 21 388-396. 

Nordstrom DK, Alpers CN, Placek CJ, Blowes DW (2000) Negative pH and extremely acidic mine waters from Iron Mountain, California. Environ Sci Technol 34 254-258... 

Bednar, A.J., J.R. Garbarino, J.F. Ranville, and T.R. Wildeman. 2002. Preserving the distribution of inorganic arsenic species in groundwater and acid mine drainage samples. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36 2213-2218. 

David CPC. 2003. Establishing the impact of acid mine drainage through metal bioaccumulation and taxa richness of benthic insects in a tropical Asian stream (the Philippines). Environ Toxicol Chem 22 2952-2959. 

Benner SG, Blowes DW, Gould WD, Herbert RB Jr, Ptacek CJ. Geochemistry of a permeable reactive barrier for metals and acid mine drainage. Environ Sci Technol 1999 33 2793-2799. 

Gerhardt A, Janssens de Bisthoven L, Soares AMVM. 2004. Macroinvertebrate response to acid mine drainage community metrics and on-line behavioural toxicity bioassay. Environ Pollut 130 263-274. 

Janssens de Bisthoven L, Gerhardt A, Soares AMVM. 2004. Effects of acid mine drainage on Chironomus spp. (Diptera) in laboratory and in situ bioassays with the multispecies freshwater biomonitor. Environ Toxicol Chem 23 1123-1128. 

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