Acid-containing polymers

Block, H., Poly(Y-benzyl-L-glutamate) and Other Glutamic Acid Containing Polymers. Gordon and Breach, New York, 1983,... 

D. W. Fong and B. S. Shambatta. Hydroxamic acid containing polymers used as corrosion inhibitors. Patent CA 2074535,1993. 

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed oj a Nicolet 10DX spectrometer. Nuclear magnetic resonance ( H) characterization was accomplished using an IBM 270 SL. Both techniques can successfully be utilized to analyze both the diblock precursors as well as the derived acid containing polymers. 

Acid-containing polymers, hydrogen bonding, 260 Acrylic monomers photografting, 172,173/,174 UV curing, 212-213 Acrylic-acrylic block copolymers, synthesis, 259... 

Interest in new solid polymer electrolytes has driven some research groups to investigate other materials containing proton conducting moieties aside from sulfonic acid. Polymers and copolymers from monomers containing phosphonic-based proton conductors have been reported. Phosphonic and/or phosphinic acid containing polymers have not been well studied because of the rather limited synthetic procedures available for their preparation, compared with sulfonic acid derivatives. Miyatake and Hay... 

A clear-cut molecular relay system is materialized with the combination of two nucleophile moieties such as hydroxamic acid and imidazole introduced in a polymer (38, 40, 82). Hydroxamate anion has a high nucleophilicity but deacylation of the acylhydroxamate is very slow. The significance of the deacylation step in the hydrolysis in polymer catalyst is pointed out in several works, for example, the deacylation of acetylated poly(4(5)-vinylimidazole) (83,84) and the aminolysis of nitrophenyl ester of poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) (85—87). To promote the deacylation velosity of the acylated hydroxamic acid imidazole moiety is introduced in the hydroxamic acid-containing polymer. The polymers are shown in tire following page. 

Table 13. Hydrolyses of PNPA by hydroxamic acid-containing polymers...

Of hydroxamic acid - containing polymers such as (XI) and (XII), decreases in pK value are observed (94). 

Methacrylic Acid Content in Polymer. One gram of methanol-precipitated, water-washed, dried polymer was dissolved in 100 ml. tetra-hydrofuran (THF) and titrated to a faint pink phenolphthalein end point with 0.055 n-benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide in THF. The base was standardized by potentiometric titration against 0.01N acetic acid in methanol. The value for a non-acid containing polymer of the same series was used as a blank. All analyses were within 5% of the theoretical value. 

Another area of active research is the synthesis of main-chain and side-chain amino acid-containing polymers for various biological apphcations. These chiral polymers are novel structures and represent the fusion of polyolefins and peptides [55, 56[ (Scheme 6.13). 

Since there are multiple reactive sites on the epoxide-containing polymers, some crosslinked copolymer may result if the acid-containing polymer is functionalized at both ends. The proportion of crosslinked copolymer formed also depends upon blend composition and processing conditions. An example is also included in this section where a compatibilizing copolymer is postulated to form by reaction between acidic phenolic end-groups on polycarbonate and epoxide groups grafted to PP [Zhihui et al., 1997]. 

The utility of polyaniline in corrosion resistant coatings has been noted [McAndrew et al., 1996]. The addition of polyaniline to acid containing polymers e.g., polyamic acid precursor of poly-imides, styrene-acrylic acid copolymers) allowed for polymeric doping and intermediate corrosion protection of the blends compared to the constituents. Epoxy addition and diisocyante terminated... 

Thiolated polymers, also termed thiomers, are conventional mucoadhesive polymers chemically modified to contain a cysteine residue in the polymer chain and thus establish covalent disulfide bonds with mucin." They can be manufactured to be either cationic (mostly thiolated chitosans) or anionic (carboxylic acid-containing polymers) however, their mucoadhesive extent will mostly be determined by their capacity to covalently bind to mucin. The polypeptide backbone of mucin can be divided into three major subunits tandem repeat array, carboxyl-, and amino-terminal domains. While the amino-terminal domain contains some of the cysteine residues, the carboxyl-terminal domain contains more than 10% of the cysteine residues. These cysteine-rich regions are responsible for forming the large mucin oligomers and ultimately, the groups that allow for the covalent mucoadhesive bond formation with oral mucosal systems." ... 

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