Acetylenes hydrochloride

Isoxazole was first synthesized by Claisen in 1903 from propargylaldehyde diethyl acetal and hydroxylamine (03CB3664). It has also been obtained by addition of fulminic acid to acetylene in methanol-dilute sulfuric acid solution, by acidic hydrolysis of 5-acetoxyisoxazo-line, by reaction of /S-chloroacrolein or/3-alkoxyacrolein with hydroxylamine hydrochloride... 

The acetylene aminopyrazole 103 was capable of inhibiting the processes of lipid peroxidation both in the enzymatic and nonenzymatic peroxidation system (76MI2). Finally, 4-[3-(l-methyl-l//-pyrazol-3-yl)-prop-2-ynyl]morpholine hydrochloride 104 was patented as a compound with high hypoxic activity (93MIP1). 

C ( propyl) N phenylmtrone to N phenylmaleimide, 46, 96 semicarbazide hydrochloride to ami noacetone hydiochlonde, 46,1 tetraphenylcyclopentadienone to diphenyl acetylene, 46, 44 Alcohols, synthesis of equatorial, 47, 19 Aldehydes, aromatic, synthesis of, 47, 1 /3-chloro a,0 unsaturated, from ke tones and dimethylformamide-phosphorus oxy chloride, 46, 20 from alky 1 halides, 47, 97 from oxidation of alcohols with dimethyl sulfoxide, dicyclohexyl carbodumide, and pyndimum tnfluoroacetate, 47, 27 Alkylation, of 2 carbomethoxycyclo pentanone with benzyl chloride 45,7... 

Analytical methods for determining traces of various other impurities, such as chlorides (ASTM D2384), are known to be in use. The presence of acetylenes in rehnery gases, although unlikely, must still be considered. Acetylenes can be determined using a chemical test method, while carbonyls are determined by the classical hydroxylamine hydrochloride reaction (ASTM D1089). 

Pharmacology Selegiline hydrochloride is a levorotatory acetylenic derivative of phenethylamine. Although the mechanism of action is not fully understood, inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) type B activity is of primary importance and selegiline... 

Saczewski and colleagues reported a similar pathway when the A-aryl-A-(4,5-dihydro-l//-imidazol-2-yl)hydroxylamine hydrochlorides 37 were refluxed in acetone in the presence of acetylenic derivatives 38 carrying electron-withdrawing substituents (equation 10). However, when 37 free bases were used, the adducts rearranged at room temperature, producing only the ketene aminals 39 in poor yields (equation 11). 

Die direkte, reduktive Aminierung einer acetylenischen Gruppe gelingt bei 2-Ethinyl-pyri-dinen durch Erhitzen mit Methylamin-Hydrochlorid und Natrium-cyanoboranat in Ethanol2. So erhalt man z. B. aus 2-Ethinyl-6-methyl-pyridin bei einer Reaktionszeit von 24 h 2-(2-Dimethylammo-ethyl)-6-methyl-pyridin in 76% Ausbeute. Mit Phenylacetylen gelingt die Reaktion nicht aus (4-Nitro-phenyl)-acetylen und Methylamin-Hydrochlorid erhalt man dagegen in glatter Reaktion l-Methylamino-2-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ethan. 

Propargyl bromides can also react with other acetylenes in the presence of 1-2% of cuprous chloride (based on stoichiometry), a small quantity of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and an amine [65] (Eq. 51). Table IV gives several examples. 

The synthesis of 2-arylbenzofurans 226 by heterocyclic ring closure of acetylenic compounds 225 with pyridine hydrochloride is a variation487 of the general method of heterocyclic ring closure of acetylenic compounds 221. 

A coupling procedure particularly suited to the synthesis of unsymmetrical diacetylenes involves the reaction of a terminal acetylene with a 1-bromo-acetylene in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a solution of copper(i) chloride in a primary amine to which small quantities of hydroxylamine hydrochloride is added (the Cadiot-Chodkiewicz coupling). 

It was not possible to prepare 2i by the catalytic reduction of Ar-(2-propynyl)lysergamide because of the presence of the acetylenic function. Instead, 2i was obtained in poor yield from /-9,10-dihydrolysergoyl chloride hydrochloride and 2-propynylamine in the presence of pyridine. 

I. llosvay s Reagent is prepd in the following manner Dissolve Ig of Cu(NO,). 5H 0 in ca 30ml distd w contained in a 50ml volumetric flask. Add 4ml of coned NH OH soln and 3g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, NH OH.HCl. Shake until themixt becomes colorless and dilute to volume. If the reagent is protected from oxidation by a layer of mineral oil, or if a piece of Cu wire is added, it will retain its reactivity for a long time. When acetylene or its derivatives are bubbled thru the reagent, red coloration or ppt is produced (Ref X8,p 516)... 

A complex of DBU and copper(I) halide (chloride or iodide) was used for the alkylation of terminal acetylene groups in an inert solvent and in the presence of a small amount of hydroxylamine hydrochloride under an argon atmosphere (75FPR2243172 75GEP2344985 78LA658). 

S-methylhomocy teine methionine, methylisogenistin genistein. /V-methylmescaline mescaline, methylmorphine codeine, a-methy I noradrenaline levonordefrin. methyl pentynol (ban. inn] is an acetylenic carbinol. with HYPNOTIC and SEDATIVE properties. It has been used in the treatment of insomnia and as an anxiolytic. methyl-PGEj arbaprostil. methylphenidate [ban, inn] (methylphenidate hydrochloride [jan, usan] Ritalin ) is a CNS STIMULANT and dopamine (re) UPTAKE INHIBITOR. It is used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, methylphenidate hydrochloride methylphenidate. 

Reduction. In the Cadiot-Chodkiewicz acetylene coupling reaction, hydroxylamine hydrochloride is generally added as a reducing agent to maintain the copper salt in the cuprous stage. ... 

Use Production of vinyl chloride from acetylene and alkyl chlorides from olefins, hydrochlorination (see rubber hydrochloride), polymerization, isomerization, alkylation, and nitration reactions. 

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