Acetyl cysteine

Acetic anhydride Acetaminophen Acetazolamide Acetrizoate sodium Acetyl cysteine Acetyl sulfisoxazole Afloqualone... 

Dekant W, Metzler M, Henschler D. 1986a. Identification of S-l,2-dichlorovinyl- N-acetyl-cysteine as a urinary metabolite of trichloroethylene A possible explanation for its nephrocarcinogenicity in male rats. Biochem Pharmacol 35 2455-2458. 

Simon, L.M. and Suttorp, N. (1983). Lung cell oxidant injury decrease in polymorphonuclear leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity by N-acetyl cysteine. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 127, 286. 

Chromium compounds interact synergistically or antagonistically with many chemicals. For example, potassium dichromate administered by subcutaneous injection potentiated the effects of mercuric chloride, citrinin, and hexachloro-1,3-butadiene on rat kidneys (USPHS 1993). Chromium effects were lessened by ascorbic acid and Vitamin E, and N-acetyl cysteine was effective in increasing urinary excretion of chromium in rats (USPHS 1993)... 

Dermal toxicity due to JP-8 may also be attributed to increased free radical formation that may be involved in the development of skin sensitization [45], Following dermal exposure to JP-8, increasing levels of oxidative species are observed [46], In vitro studies with rat lung epithelial cells demonstrated that JP-8-induced cell death is inhibited by exogenous glutathione or the thiol-containing antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine... 

Treatment of paracetamol overdose is based on replenishment of antioxidant thiols to supplement the role of glutathione the most commonly used antidote is N-acetyl cysteine, but is only effective if given within a particular time window after ingestion. 

Thiol conjugation Epoxides Glutathione S-transferases (glutathione or N-acetylcysteine) Glutathione or N-acetyl cysteine thioethers... 

Drugs used to counteract drug overdosage are considered under the appropriate headings, e.g., physostigmine with atropine naloxone with opioids flu-mazenil with benzodiazepines antibody (Fab fragments) with digitalis and N-acetyl-cysteine with acetaminophen intoxication. 

Metabolites of hexachlorobutadiene (glutathione conjugate, cysteine conjugate, and its N-acetyl cysteine conjugate) produced effects at lower doses than the parent compound after intraperitoneal injection and there was differential susceptibility between sexes (Ishmael and Lock 1986). A single intraperitoneal dose of 25 mg/kg of the conjugates caused minimal to moderate necrosis in males and severe necrosis in females. On the other hand, a comparable dose caused no effect in males and females after exposure to the parent compound (Ishmael and Lock 1986). 

An analogous assay using a radiolabeled soft nucleophile would also be required to complement the hard nucleophile radiolabeled cyanide trapping assay. Investigations into radiolabeled glutathione have proved unsuccessful since the material is unstable due to cross-reactions induced by beta radiation. Alternate soft nucleophiles such as cysteine, N-acetyl cysteine and P-mercaptoethanol all have promise as radiolabeled substances for quantitative trapping experiments since they are more stable than GSH and equally nucleophilic, although clearly these would not be substrates for GST. 

N-acetyl-cysteine, a synthetic precursor of cysteine, is commonly used as an antidote to paracetamol-induced liver damage... 

N-acetyl-cysteine suppresses induction of autophagy by bacterial endotoxin lipopolysacchaiide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide... 

Agarwal, A., Munoz-Najar, U., Klueh, U., Shih, S. C., and Claffey, K. P. (2004). N-Acetyl-cysteine promotes angiostatin production and vascular collapse in an orthotopic model of breast cancer. Am. ]. Pathol. 164,1683-1696. 

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