Acetic acid abbreviation

The mass action expression defining the dissociation equilibrium of acetic acid (abbreviated HAc) can be represented... 

Terephthalic acid is commonly abbreviated TA or TPA. The abbreviation PTA (P = pure) is reserved for the product of 99% purity for polyester manufacture. For many years polyesters had to be made from dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) because the acid could not be made pure enough economically. Now either can be used. TA is made by air oxidation of /7-xylene in acetic acid as a solvent in the presence of cobalt, manganese, and bromide ions as catalysts at 200°C and 400 psi. TA of 99.6% purity is formed in 90% yield. This is called the Amoco process. 

The solution contains a weak base (NH3) and its conjugate acid (NH4+). Because this problem is similar to the acetic acid-sodium acetate problem, we ll abbreviate the procedure in Figure 15.7. 

Abbreviations AcOH, acetic acid DEA, diethylamine MeCN, acetonitrile MeOH, methanol MPH, methylphenidate EtOH, ethanol 1-PrOH, 1-propanol 2-PrOH, 2-propanol TEA, triethylamine TFA, trifluoroacetic acid. 

The a-amino acids have been reported to form stable complexes with transition metals. The derivatives of acetic acid are particularly noteworthy for their chelating ability. The most remarkable for the acetic acid derivatives, however, is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (often abbreviated EDTA or H4Y). The complexes of EDTA are remarkably stable, and have been investigated extensively from the industrial point of view. The substance has been used in water softening, electroplating, controlling of metal content of dye paths, in removing lead and other heavy metals from the human systems, and in the treatment of chlorosis in plants [7]. 

Abbreviations. AhR, aromatic hydrocarbon receptor TCDD, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin PXR, pregnenolone-16a-nitrile-X-receptor PCN, pregnenolone-16a-nitrile CAR, constitutive androstane receptor MC, methylcholanthrene PPARa, peroxisome proliferated-activated receptor-a FXR, famesoid-X-receptor LXR, liver-X-receptor RXR, retinod-X-receptor 5-HETE, 5-OH-eicosatetraenoic acid LTB4, leukotriene B4 13-HODE, hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid DMXAA, dimethylxan-thenone-4-acetic acid. 

FIGURE 11.17 PCA loadings for raw mean-centered augmented data matrix from top to bottom, first to fifth (PCI to PC5) principal components. Compound names and abbreviations are as follows alachlor (ALA), atrazine (ATR), bentazone (BEN), biphenyl (BIF), 3-chlorophenol (3-CP), 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), (2,4-dichlorophenosy)acetic acid (2,4-D), dichloroprop (DCP), dimethoate (DIM), linuron (LIN), h-chloro-z-methyphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), mecoprop (MEC), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (MEP), metholachlor (MET), pen-tachlorophenol (PCP), simazine (SIM), (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4,5-T), tribu-tylphosphate (TBP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP). 

In the present paper, structures are grouped and named as 1ArriSN-n. In which, m for the number of water molecules, n — 1, 2, 3,..., for different structures, A and W for the abbreviations of acetic acid and water, respectively. In each group, more or less 10 structures have been optimized and only some relatively stabler ones will be presented. Calculations were first carried out on some simple structures constructed by referring to previous report [14]. And then larger and more complex ones were built upon step by step. 

Trivial names also extend to fragments of structures containing functional groups. Acetone, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid all contain the acetyl group (MeCO-, ethanoyl) abbreviated Ac and chemists often use this organic element in writing Ac OH for acetic acid or EtOAc for ethyl acetate. 

List of Abbreviations Ach, acetylcholine AMPA, a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid CNS, central nervous system COMT, catechol-O-methyltransferase DA, dopamine DRP-2, dihy-dropyrimidinase-related protein 2 DSM, diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders GNAS1, guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) alpha stimulating activity polypeptide 1 5-HIAA, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid 5-FIT, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) MAO, monoamine oxidase MHPG, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol NE, norepinephrine NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate PCP, phencyclidine SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SDS, schedule for the deficit syndrome... 

Fig. 33. Outline of the biosynthesis of uroporphyrinogen III (abbreviated urogen III), Starting with glycine labelled at position 2. The label is distributed as indicated with filled circles. The carboxyl group of glycine is lost as carbon dioxide. A = acetic acid side chain P = propionic acid side chain.

In those cases where a compound is described in more than one paper, the reference number printed in bold type indicates the paper from which the physical constants have been taken. All references appear in a separate list, starting on p. 196. The abbreviations used to indicate the solvents in which [o]d values were determined are as follows A, acetone C, chloroform DMF, iV,V-dimethylformamide E, ethanol HO Ac, acetic acid M, methanol P, pyridine and W, water. 

Abbreviations conform to Tarr s nomenclature F, formic acid A, acetic acid fA, trifluoroacetic acid KNm, dimethylformamide mSO, methylsulfoxide MOH, methanol EOH, ethanol MCN, acetonitrile M5KN, N-methyl-pyrrolidone 6N, pyridine N, ammonia ENm, dimethylethylamine M6N, N-methylpiperidine M6NO, N-methylmorpholine E6NO, N-ethylmorpholine ENip, diisopropylethylamine eN, triethylamine fmK, hexafluoroacetone (hydrate) cit, citric acid W, water NaA, sodium acetate eN+, tetraethylammonium MNT, methylthiocarbamyl NT, phenylthiocarbamyl MNGS, methylisothiocyanate ONCS, phenylisothiocyanate NPN-TNdab, N-aminopropyl-N -p-dimethylaminoazobenzene thiourea. 

Abbreviations used FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate DTAF = dichloro-triazinylaminofluorescein, TRITC = tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate, RB-200SC s lissamine rhodamine sulfonylchloride, RBITC = rhodamine B isothiocyanate, XRITC = rhodamine X isothiocyanate CY3.18 = cyanine 3.18, B-PE = B phycoerythrin, R-PE = R phycoerythrin SITS = 4-acetamido-4 -isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid, DAMC = diethylaminocoumarin, AMCA = 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid. Information obtained from refs. (2,9,10)... 

Solvent abbreviations include MeOH = methanol ACN = acetonitrile AA = acetic acid. 

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