Organic elements 27,45

Cytochrome c is an enzyme found in the cells of all aerobic organisms. Elemental analysis of cytochrome c shows that it contains 0.43% iron. What is the minimum molecular weight of this enzyme ... 

The weakness of this new approach is then that it pays no attention to the chemical components of the environment or of their fluxes employed by organisms. Such components are not just derived from organic elements - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,... 

Germanium in organometallic compounds can be determined by a modification of the combustion tube method. The sample is mixed with a large excess of chromic oxide, the organic elements are burnt in the tube and are absorbed downstream, whereas the... 

As described in previous chapters, soil contains many different inorganic and organic elements, ions, and compounds, plus both inorganic and organic... 

Technique selection Organic elemental analysis (i.e., CHN analysis ) and other simple tests can provide a starting point to refine your approach. 

A recent brief review showed the working principles of various automatic analyzers6. A modified account of N and O analysis will be presented here. Today there exist in the market instruments that perform organic elemental analyses in a few minutes. The ease and speed of such analyses enable the use of such instruments for routine analysis. Although some operational details vary from model to model and between one manufacturer and another, all these instruments can be considered as exalted versions of the classical Pregl determination of C and H by conversion to CO2 and H2O, together with Dumas method for N by conversion to N2, the calorimetric bomb method for S by conversion to SO2 and SO3 and Schultzes method for O by conversion to CO. This is combined with modern electronic control, effective catalysts and instrumental measuring methods such as IR detectors and GC analyzers. 

Because samples of suspended, sinking, and sedimentary marine particles often contain appreciable amounts of clay minerals, carbonate, and opal, any quantification method for organic elements must avoid interference from these mineral types. 

A selected list of reference materials (sediments as well as biological tissues) distributed by several Canadian, U.S., and E.U. sources shows a wide range of solid samples that could be used for comparative analysis of major organic elements (Table 4.2). These materials are widely available and have been analyzed for at least some constituents. In addition, these materials are homogeneous and can be expected to exhibit stable compositions over time. All of the thirty or so listed reference materials,... 

When describing a new compound in the literature it is customary to report a calculated and experimental elemental analysis however, analyses of Li in new organolithium compounds are usually omitted and only those of the organic elements are reported. 

Although carbon has long been recognized as an important constituent of ambient aerosols, the analysis of carbon in its many molecular forms has presented formidable obstacles. An approach taken by many investigators (1-12) has been to separate aerosol carbon into organic, elemental, and carbonate classes. However, at the present time only carbonate carbon has an unequivocal analytical definition. Speciation between organic and elemental car-... 

Johnson, R.L. Shah, J.J., Huntzlcker, J.J. "Analysis of organic, elemental, and carbonate carbon in ambient aerosols", in "Sampling and Analysis of Toxic Organics in the Atmosphere", American Society for Testing and Materials, STP 721, Philadelphia,... 

Four major methods have been used to separate the organic elemental carbon thermal methods, digestion, extraction, and optical techniques. These are discussed in detail in the volume on particulate carbon edited by Wolff and Klimisch (1982) and in the article by Cadle et al. (1983). 

Chart of the nuclides organizing elements by their nuclear properties... 

Chart of the nuclides organizing elements by their nuclear properties Radioactive elements and their modes of decay The periodic table organizing elements by their chemistry properties Chemical bonding... 

Ma, T. S. Rittner, R.C. Modern Organic Elemental Analysis, Marcel Dekker New York, 1979. Kirsten, W.J. Organic Elemental Analysis, Academic New York, 1983. 

---