Accidents management support

Figure 1. Severe accident management support system framework.

The severe accident management support system consists of four major modules as sub-systems (a) severe accident risk data base module (SARDB), (b) risk-informed severe accident risk data base management module (Rl-SARD), (c) severe accident management simulator module (SAMS), and (d) on-line severe accident management guidance module (On-line SAMG). The framework of the severe accident management support system is represented in Fig. 1. More detail concepts are described below. 

In-4. D. Wach, Variety of Tasks, Methods and Tools for Accident Management Support Progress Made in the AMS-Project , p. 377 in Reinforced concerted action on reactor safety FISA 95 - EU research on severe accidents, edited by G. Van Goethem, W. Balz, and E. Della Loggia, EU 16896 en, Directorate-General for Science, Research and Development, 1996. 

Database and simulator supported accident management strategies for the postulated core damage scenarios... 

Any single method may not be adequate for evaluating the effectiveness of safety programs. The range of details may be too broad for one measure. Different measures may be suitable for accidents, injuries, illnesses, work conditions, risks, attitudes, behaviors, knowledge of workers, management support, and compliance with safety standards and company rules. Some companies devised their own evaluation system that uses several different measures. Assessment may become more difficult if different organizational units have very different operations and hazards. 

The electrical one-Une diagram (essential when performing lock out/tag out), short circuit and coordination studies, and other critical documents should be updated whenever system components change. Good documentation management supports accurate, efficient hazard analysis, and helps mitigate liability if an accident occurs. 

This paper concentrates on the support available to operators during an accident. It does, however, provide some insight into the ambitious accident management efforts undertaken in many European countries. 

How mine management deals with near misses is another example of how management-supported follow-through can affect a safety program. For instance, near incidents and near misses, as well as accidents, can be used as topics for discussion and analysis in future training to improve safety programs. Optimally, a case can serve to initiate discussion among drivers and support personnel on how to improve work processes and environments, as well as to alter operator attitudes and behaviors to avoid similar scenarios. 

Accident management is supported by design features of future plants, which provide grace periods for accident management and contribute to a smooth plant response in transients and accidents. 

As a reaction to Reason s criticism, in this thesis it is fully agreed that accident- and near miss reporting alone would be insufficient to support effective safety management however, this must be true of any single specific tool or approach, considering the enormous complexity and variety of inci-... 

AIChE created the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) in 1985 after the chemical disasters in Mexico City, Mexico, and Bhopal, India. The CCPS is chartered to develop and disseminate technical information for use in the prevention of major chemical accidents. The center is supported by more than 100 chemical process industry sponsors that provide the necessary funding and professional guidance to its technical committees. The major product of CCPS activities has been a series of guidelines to assist those implementing various elements of a process safety and risk management system. This book is part of that series. 

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