Accident prevention, achievement

Technical systems which contain material representing a hazard potential must be treated under controled, safe conditions. A respective design of the facility and its operational modes is checked by different kinds of safety considerations. In addition to the consequences of normal operation, the system behavior under accident conditions has to be considered in terms of sufficient measures for controling accidents. Assumptions are being made based upon experience which has been achieved in the course of the technical development and which has resulted in a system of laws, regulations, rules, guidelines, and recommendations, e.g., for the design of components, for quality assurance, for fire protection and also for accident prevention measures. 

Laboratory work must be conducted with the realization that safe operation is only achieved by constant focus on safety. The point is not to be afraid, but to be aware of potential hazards and responsible for one s behavior. Hazard identification is crucial for accident prevention. Adverse effects can be avoided when both the manager and the worker make safety a priority. This section identifies the primary hazards in the radioanalytical chemistry laboratory, and ways to minimize the possibility of accidents. 

ABSTRACT Four hundred and sixty seven coal gas explosion accidents that occurred in China between the years of 1950 and 2000 were investigated through statistical methods so as to review the overall situation and provide quantitative information on coal gas explosion accidents. Statistical characteristics about accident-related factors such as space, time, gas accumulation reasons, gas grade, ignition sources, accidents categories, and accident economic loss were analyzed. Some special conclusions have been achieved. For example, most gas explosion accidents were found to have concentricity on the space-time and hazard characteristics. Such results may be helpful to prevent coal gas explosion accidents. Moreover, comments were made on APS (Accident Prevention System) and safety culture. In conclusion, countermeasures were proposed in accordance with the results of statistical studies, including the change of safety check time. 

The changes and development of coal and gas outburst accident twist and turn in the past 13 years, the situation was good in times and bad in others. Visible from the evaluation matrix R, the reason is that the values of weighted factors fluctuate, these weight factors are listed in follows outburst prevention management, the equipment and facilities of outburst prevention and the quality of personnel. Therefore, the situation of coal and gas outburst accident can achieve a fundamental improvement on the premise that these factors are controlled effectively. 

Implementation instructions are issued as complements to these accident prevention regulations. They instruct linns in achieving the mandatory protective rights, based on the above mentioned accident prevention regulations. 

In the first example, the system safety engineer has been asked to assist in the industrial safety accident prevention program. By helping identify those fault areas in the program where, if proper consideration is not provided, certain events could jeopardize the successful achievement of the primary objective (i.e., no... 

Workers and others are the most important focus of accident prevention. Along with property and the environment, people are the objects of efforts to achieve safety and health in workplaces, in products and in public places. 

Many of the approaches developed in system safety have carried over into other areas of safety practice. For example, Chapter 24 introduced process safety, methods used in achieving safety in chemical and petroleum plants and facilities. Many of the techniques apphed in process safety came from system safety. System safety methods find uses in other areas of safety practice as well. The methods help in product, building and facility design (see Chapter 30) and in accident prevention management. 

Accident prevention has been addressed in many ways in this book. Suffice it to say that an organized approach is going to serve your best interest. As with anything we attempt in life, whether it be starting a business or accomplishing a goal, a plan is a must to achieve positive outcomes. In writing this book an attempt to cover aU the bases was made. Thus, an attempt was made to provide you with the tools to accomplish your plans for a safer and healthier workplace and a place where workers go home the same way they came to work—uninjured and not sick. 

As a result of these and other limitations on om knowledge of accident causation, matty of the current beliefs are based on what appears logical rather than what we know to be correct. The real influence alcohol and drugs have as accident causation factors in the workplace is assumed rather than known. It could be argued that all alcohol and drug exposme in the work enviromnent should be eliminated. However, the present and the future provision of resources available to target accident causation factors will dictate that we prioritize om expenditure on accident prevention in such a way as to achieve the best overall reduction in accidents for the effort and resources provided. 

Little will be achieved in the long term by the use of alarmist and dramatic words to sensationalize system failures. However, if we are to begin to rmderstand the factors that give rise to the accidents, some common ground must be fotmd on which to exchange information. Effective risk commrmication is essential in accident prevention, and in the development of the future directions in safely management. 

It is not altogether surprising that changes to accident prevention strategies can achieve overall improvement, because the factors in an OHS plan given earlier in Strategies to integrate... such as ... 

Change is indeed a two-edged sword. For the employees who are retained by an organization, the npgraded information technology equipment may well make their jobs more enjoyable, safer and easier. Certainly new information technology equipment may improve the effectiveness of the accident prevention effort. Bnt this is often achieved at the cost of other employees jobs. A proportion of the employees who lose their job, however, actnally find that the forced change leads to new opportunities, some of which are better. 

Safety must be placed in its proper perspective. A correct safety balance cannot be achieved unless acceptable and unacceptable conditions are established early enough in the program to allow for the selection of the optimum design solution and/or operational alternatives. Defining acceptable and unacceptable risk is as important for cost-effective accident prevention as is defining cost and performance parameters [11]. 

The ALWR design will achieve exeellence in safety for protection of the public, on-site personnel safety, and investment protection. It places primary emphasis on accident prevention as well as significant additional emphasis on mitigation. Containment performance during severe accidents will be evaluated to assure that adequate containment margin exists. 

There are seven principles to be observed in setting up strategies for control and management of health and safety at work In the construction Industry. If they are followed, accident prevention Is more likely to be achieved. 

Reports indicate that an effective safety and health program focused on accident prevention not only reduces accidents but also reduces costs. Today s safety managers must go beyond the status quo and into accident prevention mode. This includes focusing attention and training on off-the-job injuries and illnesses and reinventing a safety culture that is second nature to all employees. Only when this level of safety consciousness is achieved will organizations be able to reap the benefits associated with it. 

In Part II, we have been through a number of different accident-prevention principles described in the literature. Experience shows that the application of any single one of these principles alone will not lead to a substantial risk reduction. Figure 10.10 illustrates a balanced approach. The intention is to achieve a high-level SHE performance through synergetic effects by combining different accident-prevention principles. 

As the history discussed in the following subsections demonstrates, balance evolved in the defense-in-depth strategy. No single element e.g., accident prevention) or barrier (e.g., containment) is emphasized to the exclusion of others. Much of this course describes the current balance and how it was achieved. 

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