Ability of material

Shock Defined as Z = po Describes the ability of material to generate pressure under given loading conditions. Generally a function of pressure. 

Up to this point, the chemical reactivity hazards of individual substances, either by themselves or in contact with common environmental materials, have been considered. This last question in the chemical reactivity hazards screening will address the potential for an unintended chemical reaction due to incompatible materials contacting each other. Compatibility, in this context, means the ability of materials to exist in contact without specified (usually hazardous) consequences under a defined scenario. A scenario, in this context, is a detailed physical description of the process whereby a potential inadvertent combination of materials may occur (ASTM E 2012-00). 

The ability of materials to exist in contact without specified (usually hazardous) consequences under a defined scenario. 

Master curves can be used to predict creep resistance, embrittlement, and other property changes over time at a given temperature, or the time it takes for the modulus or some other parameter to reach a critical value. For example, a rubber hose may burst or crack if its modulus exceeds a certain level, or an elastomeric mount may fail if creep is excessive. The time it takes to reach the critical value at a given temperature can be deduced from the master curve. Frequency-based master curves can be used to predict impact behavior or the damping ability of materials being considered for sound or vibration deadening. The theory, construction, and use of master curves have been discussed (145,242,271,277,278,299,300). 

IEC 61340-2-1,2002. Electrostatics - Measurement methods - Ability of materials and products to dissipate static electric charge. 

Piezoelectric materials are materials that exhibit a linear relationship between electric and mechanical variables. The direct piezoelectric effect can be described as the ability of materials to convert mechanical stress into an electric field and the reverse, to convert an electric field into a mechanical stress. The use of the piezoelectric effect in sensors is based upon the latter property. 

Piezoelectric materials are materials that exhibit a linear relationship between electric and mechanical variables. Electric polarization is proportional to mechanical stress. The direct piezoelectric effect can be described as the ability of materials to convert mechanical stress into an electric field, and the reverse, to convert an electric field into a mechanical stress. The use of the piezoelectric effect in sensors is based on the latter property. For materials to exhibit the piezoelectric effect, the materials must be anisotropic and electrically poled ie, there must be a spontaneous electric field maintained in a particular direction throughout the material. A key feature of a piezoelectric material involves this spontaneous electric field and its disappearance above the Curie point. Only solids without a center of symmetry show this piezoelectric effect, a third-rank tensor property (14,15). 

Ability of materials to be stored intimately without chemical reaction occurring. 

The ability of materials to exhibit rubberlike elasticity relates to their polymer structure. Rubberlike materials must satisfy a number of criteria ... 

The word biocompatible is perhaps a misnomer it refers to the ability of materials used in medical devices not to the illicit... 

In contrast to hydrogenation and oxidation reactions, much less is known about the ability of materials to effect the catalysis of hydrogasification reactions. Alkali carbonates, 1-10 wt % catalyze the hydrogasification of coals and cokes at 800°-900°C (6). The suggested mechanism is that adsorption of the alkalies by carbon prevents graphitization of the surface. Zinc and tin halides are effective hydrogasification catalysts. There is, however, little kinetic information on any of the catalyzed hydrogasification reactions. 

MW-enhanced chemistry is based on the efficiency of interactions of molecules with waves by microwave dielectric heating effects. This phenomenon depends on the ability of materials to absorb MW radiation and convert it into heat. The electric component of the electromagnetic field has been shown to be the most important [22-24]. It results in two main mechanisms - dipolar polarization and ionic conduction. Irradiation of polar molecules at MW frequencies results in orientation of the dipoles or ions in the applied electric field (Scheme 4.1) [25]. 

Table I. Ability of Materials to Binding. Cell Adhesion, and...

Thermal stresses have been used for some time to temper glass and this places the surface in residual compression. Thermal tempering depends on the ability of materials to relax stress. In the cooling of the glass, the temperature of the... 

Ability of material to withstand mechanical action such as mbbing, scraping, or erosion that tends to progressively remove material from its snrface to resist snrface wear. 

The amount of plastic strain that a material can withstand without fracturing, the extent to which a solid material can be drawn into a thinner cross section without breaking. Also, the ability of material to deform plastically before fracturing. 

The ability of material to be deformed without breaking with a relatively fast flow, when (at a suitable temperature) this material is properly stressed. 

Acid resistance n. The ability of materials to withstand attack by acids, specifically strong mineral acids. The type of acid should be stated (i.e., organic or inorganic). Most plastics have excellent acid resistance. Tests for resistance of plastics to some acids are included in ASTM 543. 

The scope of this test is to determine the ability of materials to self-extinguish (i.e., upon removal of an ignition source, the material ceases to burn.) The flame is applied to the sample twice for 10 sec. There are three possible ratings for this test based on the duration of burning after the ignition source has been removed and the dripping behavior of the material. The criteria for each rating are shown below ... 

This is an assessment of the ability of materials to resist oscillating (or dynamic) load or deflection controlled deformation. An excellent rating indicates excellent resistance to fatigue loading. A very poor rating indicates poor resistance to fatigue loading. 

Lukowiak A, Strek W (2009) Sensing abilities of materials prepared by sol-gel technology. J Sol-Gel Sci Tech 50 201 215. 

Predictive assays for evaluating the ability of materials to produce non-immunologic contact urticaria have been developed. No predictive assays for immunologic contact urticaria have been published. Lahti and Maibach (1984) developed an assay in guinea pigs using materials known to produce urticaria in humans. One tenth of a milliliter of the material (or control... 

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