Abeta peptide

The enzymes that are involved in the processing of APP into amyloid peptides are known as secretases. Beta-secretase is an enzyme that catalyzes the initial proteolytic event leading to the production of Abeta amyloid peptides. If APP is cleaved by beta-secretase it can then be further cleaved by gamma-secretase. Abeta peptides are either secreted or intracellularly released. They have varying lengths and represent intermediate degradation products of its precursor (i.e., (3-secretase cleaved APP). Especially the 42 amino acid peptide (A 342) aggregates to form insoluble amyloid plaques. 

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Nath A, HaU E, Tuzova M, Dobbs M, Jons M, Anderson C, Woodward J, Guo Z, Fu W, Kryscio R, Wekstein D, Smith C, Markesbery WR, Mattson MR (2003) Autoantibodies to amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) are increased in Alzheimer s disease patients and Abeta antibodies can enhance Abeta neurotoxicity hnphcations for disease pathogenesis and vaccine development Neuromolecular Med 3 29-39. 

Sumbria RK, Hui EK, Lu JZ (2013) Disaggregation of amyloid plaque in brain of Alzheimer s disease transgenic mice with daily subcutaneous administration of a tetravalent bi-specific antibody that targets the transferrin receptor and the Abeta amyloid peptide. Mol Pharm. doi 10.1021/mp400348n... 

Kuhnke, D. et al. (2007) MDRl-P-glycoprotein (ABCBl) mediates transport of Alzheimer s amyloid-beta peptides — implications for the mechanisms of Abeta clearance at the blood—brain barrier. Brain Pathology, 17 (4), 347-353. 

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Gorman, P. M., Yip, C. M., Fraser, P. E., and Chakrabartty, A. 2003. Alternate aggregation pathways of the Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide Abeta association kinetics at endosomal pH, / Mol Biol 325, 743-757. 

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Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) derived amyloid peptide (Abeta) depositions in brains of Alzheimer s syndrome (AD) -patients preferentially consist of N-terminal modified pyroglutamyl (pGlu) Abeta in... 

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