Spin labeling site-directed

Hubbell, W.L., Gross, A., Langen, R., and Lietzow, M.A. 1998. Recent advances in site-directed spin labeling of proteins. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 8 649-656. 

Lagerstedt, J.O., Budamagunta, M.S., Oda, M.N., and Voss, J.C. 2007. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of site-directed spin labels reveals the structural heterogeneity in the N-terminal domain of ApoA-I in solution. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 282 9143-9149. 

Voss, J., Hubbell, W. L., and Kaback, H. R. (1995) Distance determination in proteins using designed metal ion binding sites and site-directed spin labeling application to the lactose permease of Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 12300-12303. 

Der-Sarkissian, A., Jao, C. C., Chen, J., and Langen, R. (2003). Structural organization of alpha-synuclein fibrils studied by site-directed spin labeling. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 37530-37535. 

A novel strategy has been discussed by Salikhov et a/.290,291 using site-directed spin labelling to study the ET in photosynthetic RCs. The authors presented an algorithm for numerical simulations of the RP state in the presence of an observer spin label (e.g. a nitroxide attached to the RC). In this work290,292 results on PS I are reviewed. 

Hubbell, W. L., Altenbach, C., Hubbell, C. M., and Khorana, H. G. (2003). Rhodopsin structure, dynamics, and activation A perspective from crystallography, site-directed spin labeling, sulfhydryl reactivity, and disulfide cross-linking. Adv. Protein Chem. 63, 243-290. 

Altenbach, C., Cai, K., Khorana, H. G., and Hubbell, W. L. (1999a). Structural features and light-dependent changes in the sequence 306-322 extending from helix VII to the palmitoylation sites in rhodopsin A site-directed spin-labeling study. Biochemistry 38, 7931-7937. 

Kensch, O., Restle, T., Wohrl, B. M., Goody, R. S., and Steinhoff, H. J. (2000). Temperature-dependent equilibrium between the open and closed conformation of the p66 subunit of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase revealed by site-directed spin labelling. / Mol. Biol. 301, 1029-1039. 

Studying RNA Using Site-Directed Spin-Labeling and Continuous-Wave Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy... 

The labeling must be specific, that is, directed to a specific site in the RNA to yield meaningful results pertaining to specific nucleotides. This is commonly referred to as site-directed spin-labeling (SDSL) (Altenbach et ah, 1989 Barhate et ah, 2007 Edwards et ah, 2001 Kim et ah, 2004 Qin et ah, 2001, 2003 Schiemann et ah, 2004). Therefore, incorporation of multiple labels through enzymatic RNA synthesis (e.g., triphosphate polymerization with polymerases Keyes et ah, 1997) is of limited value. Instead, labels are generally introduced chemically, either during chemical synthesis of the nucleic acid or by postsynthetic modification of the polymer. 

Grant, G. P. G., et al. (2009). Motions of the substrate recognition duplex in a group I intron assessed by site-directed spin labeling. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 3136—3137. 

Klug, C. S., and Feix, J. B. (2008). Methods and applicants of site-directed spin labeling EPR spectroscopy. Methods Cell Biol. 84, 617-658. 

Qin, P. Z., et ah (2001). Quantitative analysis of the isolated GAAA tetraloop/receptor interaction in solution A site-directed spin-labeling study. Biochemistry 40, 6929—6936. 

Sowa, G. Z., and Qin, P. Z. (2008). Site-directed spin labeling studies on nucleic acid structure and dynamics. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 82, 147—197. 

Cai, Q., Kusnetzow, A. K., Hubbell, W. L., Haworth, I. S., Gacho, G., Van Eps, N., Hideg, K., Chambers, E. J., and Qin, P. Z. (2006). Site-directed spin labeling measurements of nanometer distances in nucleic acids using a sequence-independent nitroxide probe. Nucleic Acid Res. 34, 4722-4730. 

Nanometer distance measurements in RNA using site-directed spin labeling. Biophys.J. 93, 2110-2117. 

Hubbel, W. L., Cafiso, D. S., and Altenbach, C. (2000). Identifying conformational changes with site-directed spin labeling. Nat. Struct. Biol. 7, 735—741. 

Feix, J.B. and Klug, C.S. (1998) Site-directed spin labeling of membrane proteins and peptide-membrane interaction, in Berliner, L. (eds.) Biological Magnetic Resonance 14, Spin Labeling the Next Millennium, Plenum Press, N.Y., pp. 250-315. 

Mchaourab, H.S., Fang, C.J, and Hubbel, W. L. (1997) Conformation of T4 lysozame in solution. Hinge bending motion and substratereduced conformational transition studied by site-directed spin labeling, Biochemistry 36, 307-316. 

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