A Unique Combination of Properties

Wheat starch possesses a unique combination of properties that is important to its utilization in various food and industrial products. Those properties are related to its color, purity, flavor, paste viscosity, paste clarity, paste texture and gel strength.27 28,311-315 

Wheat starch is low in protein, ash and fiber, and contains no residual sulfites. Sulfur dioxide is detrimental to the viscoelastic character of wheat gluten and is not used in the commercial production of wheat starch.28,323 The protein content of ten samples of unmodified and modified wheat starches ranged from 0.06-0.22%.28 A 0.23% protein (0.0404% nitrogen) level in wheat starch essentially indicates a gluten-free starch, as confirmed by an enzyme immunoassay.324 That purity of wheat starch is important in diets for celiac individuals. Wheat starch-based, gluten-free flour products were not harmful in the treatment of celiac sprue and dermatitis herpetiformis,325 although traces of an immunoreactive gliadin can be found in wheat starch.326 

Wheat starch often has a blander flavor compared to other cereal starches, presumably because of differences in lipids, ft contains around 1% lipids, which occur mainly as lysophospholipids.346,349-351 The amount of lipids in wheat starch, as determined 

Wheat starch lysophospholipid forms tiny liposomes in water that could readily be transported into the interior of a starch granule during its development. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggests that the phospholipids in wheat starch are predominantly complexed with amylose in an amorphous form in the granules.354-356 

Under the microscope, the crosslinked granules heated to 80°C appear folded, but not convoluted, which corroborates restricted granule swelling.27 

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Sulfamic acid has a unique combination of properties that makes it particularly well suited for scale removal and chemical cleaning operations, the main commercial appHcations. Sulfamic acid is also used in sulfation reactions, pH adjustment, preparation of synthetic sweeteners (qv), and a variety of chemical processing appHcations. Salts of sulfamic acid are used in electroplating (qv) and electroforrning operations as well as for manufacturing flame retardants (qv) and weed and hnish killers (see Herbicides). 

The catalyst is formed by reaction of HF on SbClj. The Freons have a unique combination of properties which make them ideally suited for use as refrigerants and aerosol propellants. They have low bp, low viscosity, low surface tension and high density, and are non-toxic, non-flammable, odourless, chemically inert and thermally stable. The most commonly used is CF2CI2, bp, —29.8°. The market for Freons... 

The opportunity to synthesize new conjugated polymers with improved properties began to attract the attention of a larger number of synthetic chemists in the 1980s. Equally important was the subsequent development of stable, processible metallic polymers. As a result of these efforts, we now have a class of materials which exhibit a unique combination of properties the electronic and optical properties of metals and semiconductors in combination with the processing advantages and mechanical properties of polymers. 

Organofunctionalized polysiloxanes possess a unique combination of properties, including hydrophobicity, low-temperature flexibility, and thermal stability.41... 

Glass polyalkenoate cement has a unique combination of properties. It adheres to tooth material and base metals. It releases fluoride over a long period and is a cariostat. In addition it is translucent and so can be colour-matched to enamel. New clinical techniques have been devised to exploit the unique characteristics of the material. 

The poly(fluoroalkoxyphosphazene) elastomers offer a unique combination of properties including a wide operating temperature range, excellent fuel and oil resistance and low temperature properties superior to those of the fluoros11leones and fluoropolymer elastomers. 

Bioerodible polymers offer a unique combination of properties that can be tailored to suit nearly any controlled drug delivery application. By far the most common bioerodible polymers employed for biomedical applications are polyesters and polyethers (e.g., polyethylene glycol), polylactide, polyglycolide and their copolymers). These polymers are biocompatible, have good mechanical properties, and have been used in... 

The past two decades have produced a revival of interest in the synthesis of polyanhydrides for biomedical applications. These materials offer a unique combination of properties that includes hydrolytically labile backbone, hydrophobic bulk, and very flexible chemistry that can be combined with other functional groups to develop polymers with novel physical and chemical properties. This combination of properties leads to erosion kinetics that is primarily surface eroding and offers the potential to stabilize macromolecular drugs and extend release profiles from days to years. The microstructural characteristics and inhomogeneities of multi-component systems offer an additional dimension of drug release kinetics that can be exploited to tailor drug release profiles. 

Midland,Mi., c.1988, pp.l2. llins. 3/11/89. Form No. 172-1246-88 AMS. 42C11-6124 DESIGN ENGINEER S GUIDE TO ETHAFOAM POLYETHYLENE FOAMS. HOW A UNIQUE COMBINATION OF PROPERTIES OFFERS HUNDREDS OF PRODUCT DESIGN SOLUTIONS DOW CHEMICAL CO. 

TF1V has a unique combination of properties that include relatively low processing temperatures, bondability (to itself and other substrates), high flexibility, excellent clarity, low refractive index, and efficient electron-beam cross-linking.91 It also exhibits properties associated with fluoroplastics, namely, very good chemical resistance, weatherability, low friction, and low flammability. Typical properties of the dry grades are summarized in Table 3.9 and those of THV in aqueous dispersion form in Table 3.10. 

As discussed previously, fluorocarbon elastomers are chemically very stable. They exhibit a unique combination of properties, such as resistance to heat, aggressive chemicals, solvents, ozone, and light in which they excel over other elastomeric materials. Moreover, they have a very good high-temperature compression set and flexibility at low temperatures. A comparison of heat aging and oil resistance of typical FKM and several other elastomeric materials is in Table 5.7.41... 

Epoxy resins are high-performance thermosetting resins, which display a unique combination of properties. Epoxy resins have been commercially available for almost a half-century. Epoxy resins are arguably one of the most versatile polymers with uses across an enormously wide variety of industries. The outstanding physical properties exhibited by epoxy resins include... 

Despite present trends toward use of synthetic polymers developed over the last 10 or 20 years, starches are still being widely used as an adhesive in such applications as the production of paper and paperboard products, warp sizing, and bonding charcoal briquettes. Because of a unique combination of properties and low cost, these adhesives are almost impossible to exclude from many applications, especially those involving the use of hot paste (size) for anchoring fibers. For starch molecules to act as an adhesive, they must be chemically or thermally hydrated. Then, their adhesive character is developed and modified in different ways by chemicals or other additives for different end uses. As renewable resources that are both economical and reliable, starch and dextrin are likely to continue to be significant factors in the adhesive market for many years. 

In concliasion a novel class of boehmite-like Si02 Al203 has been discovered v ich shew a unique combination of properties ... 

Another important commercial application of CFCs has been in the aerosol field as a propellant for a wide variety of products. Personal products such as anti-perspirants and hair sprays account for ca. 85% of this use. The characteristic stability, nonflammability, low toxicity, and lack of odor provide a unique combination of properties desirable for propellants. 

Attempts to electrodeposit pure tungsten date approximately 140 years back. Nowadays, however, it is commonly accepted that this metal cannot be deposited alone from its aqueous solutions, but can be codeposited as an alloy, exhibiting a unique combination of properties. For example, Ni-W alloys have good mechanical properties (e.g., high tensile strength and premium... 

As a new family of curing agents, the phenalkamines offer a unique combination of properties making them particularly well suited for ambient temperature cured high solids epoxy coatings. Studies on the reactivity of these curing agents and on the properties of certain cured formulations are presented. Experimental... 

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