3D Printing

Beckenbach, E. F, and R. E. Bellman. Inequalities,. 3d printing, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1971). 

Napadensky, E. 2005. Ink-jet 3d printing of photopolymers materials An emerging rapid prototyping technology. Proceedings—RadTech Europe 05 UV/EB 2 193-197. 

Travitzky, N Zimmerman, K. Melcher, R. Greil, P. 2006. From polysaccharides to SiSiC composites by 3D printing. Ceramic Transactions 175 37-45. 

In order to understand what is Inkjet 3D Printing and its impact on the state-of-the-art industry, it is first necessary to understand the extent and the types of changes the manufacturing industry is presently undergoing. 

Fig. 1. Human skull as an example of an anatomic model built by PolyJet 3D Printing.

One of these new SFF technologies which aspires to reach a leading industry position is 3D Printing. Amongst the different existing SFF technologies, in recent years inkjet 3D Printing has experienced one of the fastest market penetration rates, it is expected that the development of improved materials wUl enhance this rate even more. 

SFF encompasses many different approaches to additive fabrication, including Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Electron Beam Melting (EBM), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and 3D Printing. 

Because PolyJet has proved to overcome many of the traditional disadvantages of existing 3D printing approaches, this method will be exposed in greater detail in the next section. 

Although Stereolithography (SLA) is not an Inkjet 3D printing process, this method is briefly described here in order to give a better perspective on the state-of-the-art SFF technologies. 

Despite the fact that Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is not an Inkjet 3D printing process, due to its industrial importance, a brief description of this method is included here. 

UV curable Inkjet compositions formulated for use in two-dimensional (2D) Inkjet printers are typically formulated differently than compositions for PolyJet, for two types of reasons Those related to differences between existing 2D and 3D printers and those related to the different requirements for the solid material final property in 2D and 3D printing. 

Regarding the properties required of the solidified materials in 2D printing, the most important properties are generally related to thin material layers, such as color, adhesion to the substrate, hghtfastness, and scratch resistance, whereas in 3D printing, the most important properties are generally related to the bulk material mechanical and thermomechanical properties, for example tensile and flexural properties, impact resistance, and Glass Transition Temperature (Tg). 

D printed circuit boards (3D PCBs) placement systems for, 423 soldering, 438-439... 

Keywords Mechanical engineering Inventions Wheel Cutting tools Ship Aircraft Windmill Archimedes screw Steam engine Railways CNC machines Wootz steel 3D printing Refrigeration and air-conditioning... 

---