Zel’dovich Kompaneets

Zel dovich Kompaneets(1955) Ya.B. Zel dovich A.S. Kompaneets, "Teoriya De-tonatsii (Theory of Detonation), Gostekhizdat, Moscow (1955)... 

Detonation can also arise spontaneously from combustion when a flame is propagated in very long tubes. For description of this phenomenon, Zel dovich Kompaneets refer to their Chapter 16, which deals with "Spin Detonation ... 

K) Zel dovich Kompaneets(1960), 109-32 (Combustion with an induced ignition velocity) 188-91 (Combustion regime of Ditsent Shchelkin for gases in rough pipes)... 

Condensed expls, reaction zone) 8) Baum, Stanyukovich Shekhter(1959), 664-753 (Expln in condensed media) 9) A. Vidart MP 42, 83-144 (I960) (Calcn of characteristics of condensed expls) 10) Andreev Belyaev (I960), 193-210 (Deton of condensed expls) 11) L.G. Bolkhovitinov, DoklAkadN 130, 1044-46(1960) (Low-speed deton of liquid expls) 11a) 3rdONRSymp-Deton(1960), pp 469 98, A.W. Campbell et al, "The Shock Initiation of Detonation in Liquid Explosives 12) R.F. Chaiken, JChemPhys 33, 760(1960) in 3rdONRSymp-Deton(1960), pp 304-08 (Comments on hyper-velocity wave in condensed expls 12a) Zel dovich Kompaneets (I960), Chapter 4 (Detonation in condensed expls) 13)... 

There are 11 refs given by Fauquignon of which only Refs 2, 4 5 are listed here Refs 1) V. Rozing Yu.B. Khariton, Dokl-AkadN 26, 360(1939) (The deton cutoff of expls when cylinder diameters are smaller than certain values) 2) J.C. Clark, jAppl-Phys 20, 363-75(1949) (Flash radiography applied to ordnance problems) 3) Zel dovich Kompaneets (I960), 213-16 (Detonation of cylindrical chges) 4) C. Fauquignon,... 

A good description of transition to detonation from combustion in gases is given by Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 17, pp... 

Continuous oscillographic method for measuring the velocity and conductivity of stable and transient shocks in solid cast explosives) 17) Zel dovich Kompaneets(I960), 191 205 (Combustion and deflagration to detonation transition)... 

State" (See item a ). For a detailed description of LS equation, see Ref If Ref 10, p 194 Ref 12a, p 246 and Ref 12b, Chapter 14. Briefly the equation is based on the assumption that decomposition products formed on detonation are, because of their high density, not gases, but rather liquids whose particles are in a state of oscillation. This conditions the course of expansion of the decomposition products. L S replaced R of die Abel equation by a coefficient depending on the number of degrees of molecular freedom. We are not describing here the LS equation because the modification by Zel dovich Kompaneets seems to replace it (See next item... 

See also Landau-Stanyukovich-Zel dovich-Kompaneets Equation of State)... 

N) C.L. Mader, "Detonation Properties of Condensed Explosives Using BeCker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson Equation of State , LASL Rept LA-2900(1963) O) M. Lutzky, "The Flow Field Behind a Spherical Detonation in TNT Using the Landau-Stanyukovich Equation of State for Detonation Products , USNavalOrdnanceLaboratory, White Oak, Md, NOLTR 64-40(1964) (The equation discussed in Rept is the one modified by Zel dovich Kompaneets and is referred to by Lutzky as "LSZK Equation of State ) Oi) M.L. Wilkins, Univ of Calif, LawrenceRadLab, Livermore, Calif, Rept UCRL-7797(1964) P) H. Hurwitz, "Calculation of the Detonation Parameters With... 

Zel dovich Kompaneets (Refs 42a 55) give the following discussion on detonation in gases ... 

In this connection Zel dovich Kompaneets constructed three reference surfaces one, designated as 0, ahead of the front (where the undisturbed medium is found) another, designated as I, immediately behind the front (where the substance has already been compressed but the reaction has not yet begun) and a third, designated as 2, in the region where the reaction has been completed Assuming that deton velocity, D, is known and that the sp heat Cp, of a mixture at const pressure is constant and does not depend on the temperature, the enthalpy of initial stage can be expressed as ... 

Transition of burning to detonation) 7) Zel dovich Kompaneets (i960), 135-36, 186-87 191-96 (Development of detonation from combustion) 8) A.S. Sokolik, Samovosplameneniye, Plamia i Detonat-siya v Gazaldb", IzdatAkadNauk, Moscow (I960) translated under the title Self-... 

Ibid, DoklAkadN 58, 241(1947) (On the nature of detonating conversion of powdered explosives) 5) Cook (1958) -not found 6) Zel dovich Kompaneets (I960), 218-19... 

In the book of Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 45a), the following subjects related to detonation pressure are discussed p 12-13 (Shock compression and isentropic compression) 14 (Static pressure) 27 (Pressure in weak shock waves) 31 (Pressure in shock wave of an ideal gas) 92-8 (Formation of an overcompressed detonation wsve on forcing the detonation in a gas to pass from a large pipe to a narrow one) ... 

Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 21) stated that the values of steady velocities of spherically propagating detonation waves in gaseous explosions are the same as the values measured in tubes at corresponding mixture ratios... 

Jones developed an equation of the Griin-eisen type, based on the Einstein model of a solid, of the form p=Ae av— B+fRT, where a, A, B and f are constants. Lutzky, however, preferred to use an equation based on the discussion by Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 21) of the equation derived by Landau Stanyukovich (Ref 2). In their view, the comparatively stable molecules of the detonation products are in a highly compressed state, being at a density over twice that of the liquid gases. The predominant part of the pressure is due to elastic repulsion. 

The total energy is calculated in terms of the ratio y of the thermal part of the pressure to the elastic part, and other variables. Isentropic processes are discussed, and the initial conditions of a Landau-Stanyukovich-Zel dovich-Kompaneets (LSZK) detonation are obtained in terms of y... 

DETONATION SPIN (SPINNING OR HELI-COIDAL DETONATION). Accdg to Zel -dovich Kompaneets (Ref 20), Campbell 8t Woodhead (Ref 1) investigating deton in mixts of carbon monoxide and oxygen obtd photographs in which the wave front was represented by a wavy line with which a system of horizontal bands was associated in the region of a cross section of the reaction products (See Fig). Each wave in the picture of the front corresponded to a band in the cross sectional region of the reaction products. A detonation of this... 

Accdg to Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 20, p 170), spin detonation always arises in a pipe of a given diameter for a known composition of the mixture, regardless of susceptibility to initiation, where the distance between L (equal to the distance between bands) proves to be strictly constant. With a change of the inside diameter of the pipe d, the distance L is changed in proportion to the pipe diameter in such a way that the ratio L/d remains constant... 

Considerable work on spinning detonation was done in Russia, as can be seen in Refs 5. 6. 7. 10 19. Some of this work was briefly discussed in the book of Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 20), nothing on detonation spin is found in Rus books of Baum, Stanyukovich Shekhter (1959) and of Andreev Belyaev (I960). The works of Borisov Kogarko (Ref 25) and of Pukhnachev (Ref 26) appeared later than the book of Zel dovich Kompaneets Refs 1) C. Campbell D.W. Woodhead,... 

Zel dovich Kompaneets (i960), 170-85 (Spin and spinning detonation) 21) D.H. Edwards Sc T.G. Jones, BritJApplPhys 11, 190-94 (May I960) (Vibration phenomena in detonation waves in hydrogen-oxygen mixtures). 22) Dunkle s Syllabus (1960-1961) p lid (Discussion on work of Fay Opel listed here as Ref 17) 23) B. Lewis ... 

The possibility of the existence of under-compressed. waves is discussed by Zel dovich Kompaneets (Ref 60, pp 1,01-02). They connect the under compressed waves with an external artificial ignition, since in this case there is no igniting shock wave, and the molecular thermal conductivity of the combstn products from a raw mixt does not guarantee a sufficient vel of propagation of the regime. 

---