Yale Report

The Yale Report of 1828 (Hofstader and Smith, 1961, 278-279) expresses that the scholar must form himself, by his own exertions and that we doubt whether the powers of the mind can be developed, in the fairest proportions, by studying language alone, or mathematics alone, or natural or political science alone. The transformation of American colleges into research universities in which the elective system developed at Harvard was adopted in the 19th century meant that disciplines and fields of study were no longer limited to the classics, religion, and mathematics. To be liberally educated meant engaging many fields of study. 

Hofstader, R. and W. Smith. Eds. 1961. The Yale Report of 1828 in American Higher Education A Documentary History. Chicago Chicago University Press. 

Many thanks are also expressed to Professors V. Sobyanin and V. Belyaev at Novosibirsk and Dr. Anastasijevic now at Lurgi. Their groups were the first (1990) to report NEMCA outside Patras. The loneliness of NEMCA disappeared after a sabbatical year at Yale and our first joint publication in this area with Gary Haller. I am indepted to him and his excellent coworker Dr. Carlos Cavalca. 

Moody, J., Fast learning in multi-resolution hierarchies," Research Report, Yale University, YALEU/DCS/RR-681 (1989). 

Ongoing studies regarding analytical methods for lead were reported in the Federal Research in Progress File (FEDRIP 1998) database. Only one had relevance to analytical methods and was related to biomarkers. Dr. Liebelt at Yale University, with funding from the National Center for Research Resources, is investigating erythropoietin production in children with lead poisoning. 

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Pierre C. Hohenberg, Yale University, and R. Stephen Berry, University of Chicago. Appointed by the National Research Council, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution. 

Raisbeck et al. have reported on the application of the Grenoble cyclotron for the measurement of 10Be in artifically enriched samples [9]. Later experiments have measured 10Be in melted arctic glacier ice cores [10], marine sediments [32] and ocean surface layers [33]. The Yale group, Turekian et al., [11] have measured the 10Be content in magnesium nodules and demonstrated that these nodules accrete at the rate of approximately 4.5 mm/106 years. 

Henderson, Yandell. "History of Research at Yale University", Historical Report No. H-150, Chemical Warfare Service, Edgewood Arsenal Technical Library. 

Malcolm Bowers was no problem, of course. He was an athletic golden boy who had been a star quarterback in college, and was already fully trained as an internist. At Edgewood, he had become fascinated with the weird nighttime dreams reported by some subjects after they received a small dose of a nerve agent. I admired this alert observation and was not surprised when he went on later to become a psychiatrist, a professor at Yale, and a world-renowned expert on chemical changes in the brains of schizophrenic patients. 

Dejesus C, Pleasure DF, Asbury AK, et al. 1977. Effects of methyl butyl ketone on peripheral nerves and its mechanism of action. Report to National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, by Yale University of Medicine, New Haven, CT and Veterans Administration Hospital, West Haven, CT. NTIS No. PB83-105148. 

Two methods for the direct construction of enantiomerically-enriched allylic amines have recently been reported. John Hartwig of Yale University has developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004,43,4797) an Ir complex that effects the coupling of allylic carbonates such as 6 with aromatic amines to give the secondary amine in high . 

Our industry s first technical report was made in 1851 by Silliman of Yale. He made the following statement concerning the distillation of crude ... 

Stockelmann et al. reacted 2-amino-3-methylpyridine and 2-amino-4-methylpyridine with diketene in water. The 2-oxo-2//-pyrido[l,2-fl]pyri-midine structure was assigned to the products, reportedly obtained in 90 and 97"0 yields.92 Kato et al. 9 and Yale et al45 subsequently demonstrated that the products were 4-oxo-4//-pyrido[l,2- ]pyrimidines and the yields were not higher than 16 . 

In a prospective project emanating from Yale, Glazer et al. (1993) reported a long-term evaluation of 362 outpatient psychiatric patients who were free of TD at baseline and who were being maintained on neuroleptics. For patients who are starting neuroleptics, according to projections from their data, the risk of TD will be 31.8% after 5 years of exposure—a rate of slightly over 6% per year. The risk is 49.4% after 10 years, 56.7% after 15 years, 64.7% after 20 years, and 68.4% after 25 years. 

Turekian, K. K. Trace elements in sea water and other natural waters. Annuat Report AEC Contract AT (30-1) - 2912, Publ. Yale 2912-12.59 pp. (1966 a). 

Hartwig first reported the arylation of diarylamines using both (o-to jP/Pd-and DPPF/Pd-catalysts, Eq. (33) [29,64]. The Yale group utilized the (o-tol jP/Pd-and DPPF/Pd-based protocols for the preparation of triarylamine-containing dendrimers and cyclophanes, respectively. 

Simultaneously, Hartwig reported that the DPPF-based system also mediates the desired C-N bond formation [81]. The Yale group observed that slow addition of the aryl triflate often improved yield of the desired product, Eq. (115). 

Hartwig first reported the use of the pyrrole in the arylation reaction. Use of a DPPE/Pd-catalyst afforded the desired products in moderate to good yield [109]. Subsequently, the Yale group disclosed that a (t-BuljP/Pd-catalyst is able to effect the reaction in comparable yields with lower catalyst loadings [50]. Similarly, the Tosoh group reported that Rb2C03 is a more efficient base using the (f-BuljP/Pd-catalyst under their conditions [118]. 

Jackson C. and Sladecek, Yale Scientific Mae.1970. p 16-21. Phlips, E. J. Semi ann report, USDA/SEA/ARS-IFAS/University of Florida, USDA Proj. 58-7B30-3-570. Center for Aquatic plants, Inst, of Food and Agric. Sci. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 1987, p. 77-84. 

---