X-ray computer tomography

Evaluation Frequent physical examination, complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte, and urinalysis based on symptomatology, the following may be needed needle aspiration to rule out osteomyelitis, abdominal studies (x-ray, computed tomography scan, etc), liver function tests, bilirubin, culture, and chest x-ray. 

To date, only two technologies have reached the original goal of certification , namely. X-ray computer tomography (CT) in 1996 and X-ray powder diffraction coherent Compton scattering in 2004. In fact, since 1996 this has not been a... 

R.E. Alvarez and A. Macovski, Energy selective reconstructions in x-ray computed tomography, Phys. Med. Biol., 21 (1976) 733-744. 

X-ray computed tomography (CT), initially developed for medical diagnostics, is now also being used extensively in airports, worldwide, to find hidden explosives in checked airHne luggage. The population of CT systems deployed at US airports as ofjanuary, 2008, numbers more than 1700. 

As in the established imaging modalities, such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonic imaging (US), the... 

Major advances have been made in imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRl) nuclear tomographic imaging, X-ray computed tomography, positron emission... 

Luxenberg, J.S., Swedo, S.E., Flament, M.F., Friedland, R.P., Rapoport, J., and Rapoport, S.I. (1988) Neuroanatomic abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder detected with quantitative x-ray computed tomography. Am J Psychiatry 145 1089-1094. 

Romich H, Lopez E, Mees F, Jacobs P, Cornells E, Van Dyck D, Domenech-Carbo MT (2005) Microfocus X-ray computed tomography (mCT) for archaeological glasses. In Cultural Heritage Conservation and Environment Impact Assessment by Non-Destructive Testing and Micro-analysis, Van Grieken R, Janssens K (Eds), AA Balkema Publishers, London, 37-48. 

X-ray computed tomography (CT) (Kneafsey et at., 2005) Hydrate, water, gas phase distribution Yes P, T, hydrate, water vs. time (min) Typically up to 1000 psi microns Density profile of hydrate plug contained in cell. Phase fractions, thermal conductivity with ITOUGH2 modehng... 

The accuracy of the vesicular lava method depends on our ability to determine two properties of lava flows size distributions of vesicles (Sahagian 1985 Sahagian et al. 1989) and flow emplacement history. The most accurate method to determine the size distribution of vesicles in lava samples uses High-Resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (HRXCT) (Proussevitch... 

A complete analysis is made by acquiring a number of radiographs (typically about 1000) of the same sample under different viewing angles (one orientation for each radiograph). A final computed reconstruction step is required to produce a 3D map of the linear attenuation coefficients in the material. This 3D map indirectly gives a picture of the structure density. In the X-ray-computed tomography, the X-ray source and detector are placed at the opposite sides of the sample. The spatial resolution of the attenuation map depends on the characteristics of both the detector and number of X-ray projections. 

Brecht, J.K., Shewfelt, R.T., Gamer, J.C., and Tollner, E.W. 1991. Using X-ray computed tomography to nondestructively determine maturity in green tomatoes. Hort. Science 26, 45-47. 

Hirakimoto, A. 2001. Microfocus X-ray computed tomography and it s industrial applications. Anal. Sci. 17, 123-125. 

Jones, H.E., Lewis, R.M., Young, M.J., and Simm, G. 2004. Genetic parameters for carcass composition and muscularity in sheep measured by X-ray computer tomography, ultrasound and dissection. Livestock Prod. Sci. 90, 167-179. 

Kaftandjian, V., Peix, G., Babot, D., and Peyrin, F. 1996. High resolution X-ray computed tomography using a solid state linear detector. J. X-Ray Sci. Technol. 6, 94-106. 

D. Toye, P. Marchot, M. Crine, M. Pelsser, G. L Homme, Local measurements of void fraction and liquid holdup in packed columns using X-ray computed tomography, Chem. Eng. Process. 37 (6) (1998) 511-520. 

J-P Schlomka, S M Schneider and G Harding (2000) Novel concept for coherent scatter X-ray computed tomography in medical applications. Proc. SPIE 4142, 218-224. 

A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures the density of minerals (such as calcium) using X-ray, computed tomography (CT) or ultrasound. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the most accurate way to measure BMD. DEXA can measure as little as 2% of bone loss per year it is fast, uses low doses of radiation, but is more expensive than ultrasound. 

Chest x-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan, and positron emission tomography (PET) scan are the most valuable diagnostic tests. Integrated CT-PET technology appears to improve diagnostic accuracy in staging NSCLC over CT or PET alone. 

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