Wood frogs

Wood frog, Rana sylvatica 30-600 Tadpoles exposed through metamorphosis developed normally 18... 

Ambystoma maculatum wood frog, Rana sylvatica American toad, Bufo americanus Zebnafish, Brachydanio rerio exposed for 6 months from embryos to adults 0.002 mg/L >9.2 mg/L... 

M.A. Smith, C.M. Kapron, M. Berrill (2000). Induction of photolyase activity in wood frog Rana sylvatica) embryos. Photochem. Photobiol, 72, 575-578. 

River frog, Rana heckscheri, 459 South African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, 68,459,486, 547, 709, 111, 847 Southern leopard frog, Rana sphenocephala, 459 Water frog, Rana ridibunda, 85 Wood frog, Rana sylvatica, 68... 

Waldman, B., 1982a, Adaptive significance of communal oviposition in wood frogs (Rana sylvatica), Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 10 169. 

Waldman, B., 1984, Kin recognition and sibling association among wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles, Behav. Ecol. and Sociobiol., 14 171. 

Berven K. A. (1982). The genetic basis of altitudinal variation in the wood frog, Rana sylvatica. 1. An experimental analysis of larval development. Oecohgia. v. 52. N 3. p>p. 360-369. 

A The wood frog survives cold winters by partially freezing. The fluids in frog cells are protected by a high concentration of glucose that acts as antifreeze, lowering their freezing point so the intercellular fluids remain liquid to temperatures as low as —8 °C. 

CAN YOU ANSWER THIS The wood frog can survive at body temperatures as low as —8.0 °C. Calculate the molality of a glucose solution (CstiijO required to lower the freezing point of water to —8.0 °C. 

A The wood frog survives winter by partially freezing. It protects its cells by flooding them with glucose, which acts as an antifreeze. 

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