Variation, altitudinal

Eiga, S. Sakai, A. (1984). Altitudinal variation in freezing resistance of Saghalien fir Abies sachalinensis). Canadian Journal of Botany, 62, 156-60. 

The authors suggest that altitudinal variation in phytochemical constituents remains unknown. That this is factually incorrect is revealed by the well-known work on the effect of elevation on cyanogenic glycosides, as shown in the case of the clovers above, as well as in the case of alkaloid variation in Berberis just described. 

Vavilova V, Lewis WM (1999) Temporal and altitudinal variations in the attached algae of mountain streams in Colorado. Hydrobiologia 390 99... 

An alternative strategy is to make a large number of in situ measurements and examine how the balance between production and loss changes for different conditions. Particularly important are variations with altitude, because the relative importance of the various chemical families to ozone loss changes between 20 and 45 km. Seasonal and latitudinal effects are important for testing both the production and the transport of ozone. At present, the main source of data for these variations comes from satellite instruments, although in situ instruments have been used for several altitudinal studies, primarily by balloon-borne instruments, and some limited seasonal and latitudinal studies. 

Korner C, Bannister P, Mark AF (1986) Altitudinal variation in stomatal conductance, nitrogen content and leaf anatomy in different plant life forms in New Zealand. Oecologia 69 577-588 Korner C, Cochrane PM (1985) Stomatal responses and water elations of Eucalyptus pauciflora in summer along an elevational gradient. Oecologia 66 443-455... 

Fig. 2. A typical altitudinal variation of the neutral gas temperature6 (solid curve) and the plasma electron temperature16) (dashed curve) in the Earth s atmosphere. Note that the temperature scale (absism) is logarithmic. The atmospheric regions are as indicated and M, S and T indicate the mesopause, stratopause and tropopause, respectively...

Rourke, B. C. (2000). Geographic and altitudinal variation in respiratory and cuticular water loss from the lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes. 

Wang Y., Amundson R., and Niu X.-F. (2000) Seasonal and altitudinal variation in decomposition of soil organic matter inferred from radiocarbon measurements of soil CO2 flux. Global Biogeochem. Cycles lA, 199—211. 

Most ferns contain sizable quantities of phenolics and tannins so their role in ferns acclimation should not be surprising. However, similar phenolics-elevation trends have been observed in angiosperms in which phenolics metabolism is less important (e.g. Fiussello et al., 1979 Bachereau et al., 1998). For example, recent evidence on the genus Leontodon (Asteraceae) performance in an ample altitudinal range (0 - 3000 m asl) in the European Alps, reveal various sources of variation in their phenolics expression specific plant organ (e.g. in the ligules of flower heads), population, and individuals within a population, season, and elevation (Zidorn and Stuppner, 2001). However, not all phenolic constituents responded similarly. While flavonoids in flower heads of L. helveticus and L. autumnalis followed a clear incremental trend with altitude, phenolic acids remained relatively constant along the transect in L. hispidus. Specific flavonoids also varied within individuals. 

Hengxiao, G., McMillin, J. D., Wagner, M. R., Zhou, J., Zhou, Z., Xu, X. 1999. Altitudinal variation in foliar chemistry and anatomy of yunnan pine, Pinus yunnanensis, and pine sawfly (Hymenoptera, Dlprionidae) performanee. J. Appl. Entomol. 123 465-471. 

Jay-Robert, P., Lobo, J.M., Liunaret, J.P. (1997). Altitudinal turnover and species richness variation in European montane dung beetle assemblages. Arctic and Alpine Research 29,196-205. 

Berven K. A. (1982). The genetic basis of altitudinal variation in the wood frog, Rana sylvatica. 1. An experimental analysis of larval development. Oecohgia. v. 52. N 3. p>p. 360-369. 

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