Withholding Times

FARAD estimates of withholding intervals may rely on pharmacokinetic data to help define the final terminal elimination phase of a drug. In these cases, it is assumed that the final edible tissue elimination phase will be at least as long as that observed in blood. Although specific safety factors are not built into these estimates, the estimated withholding times are expanded to help ensure that residues drop well below the established tolerance by the end of the recommended period. ... 

Single-Animal versus Herd Treatment and Establishment of Withholding Time (WhT)... 

The nurse should observe the patient closely for a hypersensitivity reaction, which may occur any time during therapy with the penicillins If it should occur, it is important to contact the primary health care provider immediately and withhold the drug until the patient is seen by the primary health care provider. 

Berenson, Alex, Despite Vow, Drug Makers Still Withhold Data , New York Times, 31 May 2005... 

Quantity decisions whether to accept or reject an offer to buy how to allocate output or capacity to different segments, products or channels when to withhold a product from the market and sell at later points in time... 

I mentioned three factors in federal law which impact on this disclosure problem. The first is that the Freedom of Information Act makes it difficult to withhold information. It does this both by an uncertain standard of confidentiality, and by the omission of the procedural protection which comes with all other kinds of adjudicative decisions by federal agencies. The courts rewrote the Freedom of Information Act s original intent in the 1974 National Parks v. Morton decision. Since that time, each submission to an agency has been vulnerable to disclosure if the owner fails to carry a rather difficult burden of proof That disclosure would cause substantial harm to competitive position at the time the disclosure is made. Assume that the owner of a secret catalyst had a market share of 10 in specialty fatty acids for rubber production, and filed the catalyst information with the EPA on April 1, 1982. When the request for disclosure comes in November 1983, what will the firm s market position be then, and how much would this... 

Appropriate management of AN also requires the early detection and treatment of any comorbid psychiatric disorders. The most common comorbid conditions associated with AN are major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and substance use disorders. At the time of presentation, over 50% of AN patients also fulfill criteria for MDD however, accurate diagnosis of depression in these patients is complicated by the fact that prolonged starvation often produces a mood disturbance and neurovegetative symptoms identical to MDD. If MDD appears to be comorbid with AN at the time of presentation, there is debate as to whether it is more prudent to withhold treatment of the depression until weight restoration has been initiated. If the depression persists despite refeeding, then treatment of the depression is likely warranted. 

It must be time for dinner, he said. Afterward you will write out our interview with him in fair and prepare a report for the chiefs of the Ten. I dare not withhold that diary from them any longer. ... 

Loss of blood glucose control When a patient stabilized on any diabetic regimen is exposed to stress such as fever, trauma, infection, or surgery, a temporary loss of glycemic control may occur. At such times, it may be necessary to withhold metformin and temporarily administer insulin. Metformin may be reinstituted after the acute episode is resolved. 

Anogenital warts Topical Apply 0.5% gel for 3 days, then withhold for 4 days. Repeat cycle up to 4 times. 

The FDA has published a guideline for use by industry that outlines general principles considered acceptable parts of process validation [1], Pharmaceutical firms have been inspected against this standard and those found wanting have been cited or had approval to manufacture product denied. Indeed, statistics compiled by the FDA for fiscal year 1997 show inadequate process validation as one of the top 10 reasons for withholding approval [3], One way for a firm to satisfy the requirement for validated processes is to identify those products that have been on the market for some time and use the wealth of production,... 

Why is it so difficult to muster just the right amount of perseverance in a corporate environment We believe perseverance is foremost a decision-making problem. To meet performance criteria, project management needs discipline. Typically, at the start of a project the project leader develops a milestone plan as guidance for future project evaluations. When milestones are not met after the originally estimated time, management typically decides to withhold further funding because it has lost faith in the project s likelihood of success. 

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