With ether pendant groups synthesis

Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, S. Guan, L. Li, Z. Jiang, Synthesis and properties of soluble fluorinated poly(ether imide)s with different pendant groups. Polymer 49 (25) (2008) 5439-5445. 

Tsarevsky has found that hypervalent iodine compounds can be used for the direct azidation of polystyrene and consecutive click-type functionalization [49]. In particular, polystyrene can be directly azidated in 1,2-dichloroethane or chlorobenzene using a combination of trimethylsilyl azide and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene. 2D NMR HMBC spectra indicate that the azido groups are attached to the polymer backbone and also possibly to the aryl pendant groups. Approximately one in every 11 styrene units can be modified by using a ratio of PhI(OAc)2 to trimethylsilyl azide to styrene units of 1 2.1 1 at 0 °C for 4 h followed by heating to 50 °C for 2 h in chlorobenzene. The azidated polymers have been further used as backbone precursors in the synthesis of polymeric brushes with hydrophilic side chains via a copper-catalyzed click reaction with poly(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether 4-pentynoate [49],... 

Shen K, Pang J, Feng S, Wang Y, Jiang Z. Synthesis and properties of a novel poly(aryl ether ketone)s with quaternary ammonium pendant groups for anion exchange membranes. J Membr Sci 2013 440 20-8. 

Two new synthetic methods for the preparation of functional polymers containing 2-oxazoline pendant groups were developed. The first concerns the synthesis of m- and p-vinylbenzyl ethers of 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline, followed by their radical poljnnerization. 2-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazo-line was reacted with a mixture of m- and p-chloromethylstyrene (60% m and 40% p) under phase transfer catalysis conditions at room temperature. The m-and p-vinylbenzyl ethers of 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline obtained were separated by selective crystallization from methanol. Radical polymerization of these ethers was carried out in dioxane at 60 C, giving polymers with pendant 2-oxazoline groups. 

Dual-responsive polymer-based systems have been also proposed. The design and synthesis of polymers containing cholic acid pendant groups has been reported. Random copolymers derived from 2-(metha-ctyloylo gr)ethyl cholate (MAECA) with polyethylene glycol methyl ether... 

Zhang YH, Sun XB, Niu YM, Xu R, Wang GB, Jiang ZH (2006) Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(aryl ether ketone)s with metallophthalocyanine pendant unit from a new bisphenol containing dicyanophenyl side group. Polymer 47 1569-1574... 

Applying these methodologies monomers such as isobutylene, vinyl ethers, styrene and styrenic derivatives, oxazolines, N-vinyl carbazole, etc. can be efficiently polymerized leading to well-defined structures. Compared to anionic polymerization cationic polymerization requires less demanding experimental conditions and can be applied at room temperature or higher in many cases, and a wide variety of monomers with pendant functional groups can be used. Despite the recent developments in cationic polymerization the method cannot be used with the same success for the synthesis of well-defined complex copolymeric architectures. 

This article reports on the synthesis of photosensitive polymers with pendant cinnamic ester moieties and suitable photosensitizer groups by cationic copolymerizations of 2-(cinnamoyloxy)ethyl vinyl ether (CEVE) (12) with other vinyl ethers containing photosensitizer groups, and by cationic polymerization of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether (CVE) followed by substitution reactions of the resulting poly (2-chloroethyl vinyl ether) (PCVE) with salts of photosensitizer compounds and potassium cinnamate using a phase transfer catalyst in an aprotic polar solvent. The photochemical reactivity of the obtained polymers was also investigated. 

Vogl (112. 113) is developing an ingenious preparative method for ionomers synthesis by copolymerization of ethyl glycidate with other cyclic ethers and then hydrolysis of the pendant ester groups. 

A. Banihashemi and B. Akhlaghinia. Synthesis and crosslinking of poly(ether-ketone)s, and poly(ether-ketone-sulphone)s with pendant nitrile groups (II). Iranian Polym. J., 11 365-371,2002. 

Wang J, Zhao Z, Gong F, Li S, Zhang S. Synthesis of soluble poly(arylene ether sulfone) ionomers with pendant quaternary ammonium groups for anion exchange membranes. Macromolecules 2009 42(22) 8711-7. 

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