Wind pumping

Cooke, 1979 Wu, 1981). In this range transfer velocities determined from natural systems are possibly distorted by an additional effect called wind pumping. In this situation, bubbles are injected deep below the water surface and experience pressures in excess of atmospheric. As a result, larger quantities of the chemicals contained in the bubbles are dissolved in the water than are required for equilibrium at the water surface. This leads to supersaturation of 02, N2, and C02 of up to 15% (Smith and Jones, 1985). Note that this process not only influences the deduced sizes of viW and v a/w, but it may also invalidate the general form of Eq. 20-1 according to which the sign of the net air-water flux is determined by the sign of the concentration difference (C, w - ). In order to produce supersaturation, F a/w must... 

Smith S.D. and Jones E.P.(1985) Evidence for wind-pumping of the air-sea gas exchange based on direct measurements of CO2 fluxes. J. Geophys. Res. 90, 869-875. 

Although the appearance of the snow-air partition coefficient sa in Equation 18.14 is theoretically not correct (Halsall et al., 2008), Ksa effectively adopts a role similar to that of the wind pumping factor in Equation 18.13, greatly increasing kg to the point that the resistance posed by transport within the snow pack l/kg is no longer much larger than that posed by the boundary layer resistance 1/khi. The rapid... 

Reaetion with eonstruetion materials, e.g. nitrie aeid ean produee nitrie oxide gas on eontaet with eopper in pipes or eopper windings in motors of eanned pumps ... 

Although electricity production is the primary use of wind turbines, other applications still exist. Water pumping, desalination, and ice-making are applications that wind turbines serve. Wind turbine rotors for small-scale applications generally range in size from less than 1 m diameter to 15 m diameter, with power ratings from 300 W to 50 kW. 

The engines were initially used in pumping and winding in the mines, then were extended to iron-... 

In the Sundyne Canned Motor design, the entire outside of the motor is enclosed in a secondary leakage containment shell or can. Primary leakage protection is provided by corrosion resistant liners which are seal welded and 100% leak checked to assure that pumped fluid does not contact the stator windings or rotor core. There is no shaft protrusion to seal and thus no seals to leak. 

The oxidation of the crude /3-chloropropionaldehyde is carried out in a 200-cc. flask fitted with a cork stopper held by a clamp about 2 cm. %bove the opening of the neck. The stopper carries a mechanical stirrer, a separatory funnel, a thermometer and a glass delivery tube about 10 mm. in diameter which is connected to a water pump. The space between the stopper and the flask is closed by winding a strip of asbestos paper around it (Note 3). 

Motor windings and Insulation systems are specially designed, developed and applied as an Integral part of the pump so that design life is at least as great as for conventional air cooled motors. Winding temperature is primarily influenced by pumped fluid temperature and secondarily by use of cooling jacket. Fluid temperature is considered In pump... 

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