Width of section

ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency b width of section... 

Tjrpical width of sections for multi-section pads is 12 inches (300 mm) but may vary by manufacturer. 

Main reinforcement 0.25% bd b = width of section, d = effective depth of section)... 

Rq, R, R- radius of a circle described round a profile on an input and an exit of a zone of deformation, and current value of radius, accordingly 2/ip and 2b - height and width of section on an input L - length of a zone of deformation - an a 2 Sls of slope of the forming die channel, passing through the middle of sides. 

Fig. 39.3 Example of the consistent variation in MVs (noticeably different colors) measured on the different half widths of sections and typical MV developments of points in different parts of the sections...

Molecules such as 3,4 and 5 in Figure 2.6, which have a zero velocity component away from the source, behave uniquely in that they absorb radiation of the same frequency Vj-es whether the radiation is travelling towards or away from R, and this may result in saturation (see Section 2.3.4). If saturation occurs for the set of molecules 3, 4 and 5 while the radiation is travelling towards R, no further absorption takes place as it travels back from R. The result is that a dip in the absorbance curve is observed at Vj-es, as indicated in Figure 2.5. This is known as a Lamb dip, an effect which was predicted by Lamb in 1964. The width of the dip is the natural line width, and observation of the dip results in much greater accuracy of measurement of v es. 

In practice the laser can operate only when n, in Equation (9.2), takes values such that the corresponding resonant frequency v lies within the line width of the transition between the two energy levels involved. If the active medium is a gas this line width may be the Doppler line width (see Section 2.3.2). Figure 9.3 shows a case where there are twelve axial modes within the Doppler profile. The number of modes in the actual laser beam depends on how much radiation is allowed to leak out of the cavity. In the example in Figure 9.3 the output level has been adjusted so that the so-called threshold condition allows six axial modes in the beam. The gain, or the degree of amplification, achieved in the laser is a measure of the intensity. 

In 1991 a remarkable discovery was made, accidentally, with a Tp -sapphire laser pumped with an Ar+ laser. Whereas we would expect this to result in CW laser action, when a sharp jolt was given to the table supporting the laser, mode locking (Section 9.1.5) occurred. This is known as self-locking of modes, and we shall not discuss further the reasons for this and how it can be controlled. One very important property of the resulting pulses is that they are very short. Pulse widths of a few tens of femtoseconds can be produced routinely and with high pulse-to-pulse stability. Further modification to the laser can... 

For a uniform spray on the entire test surface more nozzles may be employed. Normally, surfaces of up to a width of 3 m may be tested at a time. For larger widths the test may be conducted in two steps. Normally, only one vertical surface is tested at a time. Besides the vertical sections, the test will also be conducted on ... 

Often a failure on a fault may be due not to the inadequate size of busbars, fasteners or insulators but to poor alignment of the insulators or to too large a gap between the busbar and the insulator slots. It may be a consequence of an inappropriate mounting or unequal width of the busbars or insulator slots. In such cases, load sharing w ill be uneven and the weakest section may fail. This can be illustrated as follows ... 

Make the joint by using the correct size of bolts, nuts and washers. Refer to Table 29.1 for the recommended number and size of fasteners for different widths of bus sections and Table 29.2 for the recommended size of washers for different sizes of bolts. See also... 

Figure 29.7 Tap-off connections from a large section of busbar showing the overlap as equal to tbe width of the smaller section lap-off links...

Refer to Figure 29.7 when making a tee Joint with a larger section of bus to tap for the outgoing feeders in a PCC or MCC from the main bus. A smaller overlap up to the width of the feeder bus section will be sulTicienl to provide an adequate contact area and boiling surface. 

Size Web Flange Inner Fillel Section Weight Moment of Section Radius of Distance D C. Depth Width React- D.C. A.C. 

Two possible structures are shown in Fig. 28.9. The first is a monopod a slender pillar with a broad foot, presenting a small section (perhaps 10 m wide) at the water surface. The second (and favoured) design is a gravel island, with a width of 100 to 200 m. In both cases it is essential to compute the maximum force the ice can exert on the structure, and to design the structure to withstand it. We are concerned here with the first problem the ice force. 

The spectra of Figure 3 illustrate two further points. All the C Is peaks in Figure 3a are of equal intensity because there are an equal number of each type of C atom present. So, when comparing relative intensities of the same atomic core level to get composition data, we do not need to consider the photoionization cross section. Therefore, Figure 3c immediately reveals that there is four times as much elemental Si present as Si02 in the Si 2p spectrum. The second point is that the chemical shift range is poor compared to the widths of the peaks, especially for the solids in Figures 3b and 3c. Thus, not all chemically inequivalent atoms can be distin-... 

In heat transfer applications, this jacket is considered a helical coil if certain factors are used for calculating outside film coefficients. The equivalent heat transfer diameter, D, for a rectangular cross-section is equal to 4 w (w being the width of the annular space). Velocities are calculated from the actual cross-section of the flow area, pw (p being die pitch of die spiral baffle), and die effective mass flowrate W dirough die passage. The effective mass flowrate is approximately 60% of die total mass flowrate of die jacket. 

A rectangular section polypropylene beam has a length, L of 200 mm and a width of 12 mm. It is subjected to a load, W, of ISO N uniformly distributed over its length, L, and it is simply supported at each end. If the maximum deflection of the beam is not to exceed 6 mm after a period of I year estimate a suitable depth for the beam. The central deflection of the beam is given by... 

The influence of room transverse cross-section configuration on airflow patterns created by air jets supplied through round nozzles in proximity to the ceiling was studied by Baharev and Troyanovsky and Nielsen (see Fig. 7.37). Based on experimental data, they concluded that when the room width B is less than 3.5H, the jet attaches to the ceiling and spreads, filling the whole width of the room in the manner of a linear jet. The reverse flow develops under the jet. When B > 4H, the reverse flow also develops along the jet sides. Baharev and Troyanovsky indicated that air temperature and velocity distribution in the occupied zone is more uniform when the jet develops in the upper zone and the occupied zone is ventilated by the reverse flow. Thus, they proposed limiting room width to 3-3.5H,. 

Note in Figure 4-5 that the stresses vary within each lamina as well as from lamina to lamina, so the integration is not trivial. Actually, N is a force per unit width of the cross section of the laminate as shown in Figure 4-6. 

Assuming that the beam in Figure 2-29 has a rectangular cross-section with a height of 1 ft and a width of 3 in. and given that L = 10 ft, a = 4 ft, and P = 1,000 lb, what are the maximum values of the shear and tensile stresses within the beam ... 

Where elongation is recorded or reported, the record or report shall show the nominal width of the test specimen when strip specimens are used, or state when full section specimens are used. 

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