Wetting hard surface

Connected with the parameter surface tension is the wetting process of the surface, e.g. fabrics or hard surfaces. The wetting process can be described by the Young equation ... 

If the compost you dump out of the bin is full of worms, you may want to extract them, or some of them at least, to put back into your worm bin. On a dry, sunny day, spread the compost out on a hard surface, in a layer no more than 2 in (5 cm) deep. Place a layer of wet newspaper, several sheets thick, over one-third to one-half of the compost. Go away and do something else for several hours. The worms will hide under the newspaper and can be shoveled up in the damp compost below. By repeating the process, you can collect nearly all of the worms. 

Mix the Liquid Citric Acid-50% with an equal volume of water. Slowly add the ammonium hydroxide solution. The neutralization should be done cautiously and under agitation, as the reaction is exothermic. Add Cellosolve, surfactant, remaining water, fragrance and dye. The formula is suitable for a pump spray. Bathtub, sinks, faucets and other hard surfaces should be sprayed from a distance of about 10 inches. For maximum effectiveness, the deposited cleaner fluid should be left at work for at least five minutes and then rinsed off with water or removed with a wet cloth or sponge. 

Abrasive cleaners arc used lo remove soils and stains from hard surfaces that are durable lo the scouring action. Such surfaces include stainless steel and porcelain plumbing fixtures, metal and ceramic cooking utensils, and various stone, metal, and ceramic building surfaces. Typically, these products consist of a very high level of abrasive (commonly silica flour) with moderate to low levels of a dry chlorine bleach (KDCC or chlorinaled trisodium phosphate) and low levels of surfactant (LAS) and builder (STP) for wetting action and improved stain removal... 

GlucoponR 215 CS UP Capryl glucoside 62-65% Hard surface cleaning Good wetting and dispersing properties... 

Wet wipe sampling is generally not recommended for carpet, upholstery and other fabric-covered or soft surfaces because the solvent may be absorbed into the surface being sampled. Wipes of soft surfaces also are less likely than wipes of hard surfaces to reflect the dermal exposure potential (Ness, 1994). However, Lu and Fenske (1999) recently reported the use of cotton gauze wetted by misting with distilled water to wipe carpets freshly treated with a chlorpyrifos formulation (Dursban L.O.) and found it to be 23 to 24 times more efficient than transfer to dry palm presses. 

Hard surfaces, such as concrete, brick, or rock, should be kept wet with water. Alternatively, soft... 

In hard surface wetting, the substrate to be wet is a nonporous, nongranular solid or a nonporous film, and since the area to be wet is relatively small, conditions close to equilibrium are usually attained and the thermody-namics of the wetting process is a major factor determining the extent of wetting. 

It is difficult to wet highly hydrophobic hard surfaces (e.g., with contact angles against water >100°) even with surfactant solutions. The areas to which the solutions spread (See method in Section II B, above) is often just a small multiple of the area spread by pure water. Some data are shown in Table 6-3. 

Deriphat . [Henkel/Emery/Cospha Henkel Cana Henkel KGaA] Pn i-onic acids or salts, betaines amphoteric surfactant, wetting agent, ermtlsi-fier, detergent, corrosion inhibitor, solubilizer, stabilizer for hard surface cleaning, textiles, emulsion polymerization, petroleum processing. 

Glucopon. [Henkel/Emery] Alkyl polyglycoside surfactant detergent wetting agent surface/interfadal tension reducer, persant for laundry detergents, liq. cleaners, hard surface cleaners, institutional and industrial cleaners. 

Maphos . [PPO/SpecialtyChem.] Rios- ate esters lubricant with anticono-sive/antifrictional properties textile wetting agent hard surface detergent dispersant hydrotrope, solubilizer, enmlsifier. 

Cycloryl OS Duponol 80 EINECS 205-535-5 Octyl sodium sulfate Octyl sulfate, sodium salt Rhodapon OLS Sipex ols Sodium capryl sulfate Sodium octyl sulphate SOS. Used as a wetting agent rinse aid for industrial, institutional and household cleaners mercerizing agent for cotton goods surfactant in electrolyte baths for metal cleaning hard surface cleaning neoprene dispersant emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, Rhone Poulenc Surfactants. 

Formulation B has greater hard water compatabi1ity and antiredeposition characteristics. Both formulations provide excellent hard surface wetting and detergency. 

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