Westinghouse Lamp

In 1927 J. W. Marden and M. N. Rich of the research staff of the Westinghouse Lamp Company obtained metallic vanadium 99.9 per cent pure by heating a mixture of vanadic oxide, metallic calcium, and calcium chloride in an electric furnace for an hour at a temperature of about 1400° Fahrenheit. When the resulting mass was cooled and stirred into cold water, beads of pure metallic vanadium separated out (35). 

The first isostatic pressing technique was described by Madden in a US patent assigned to the Westinghouse Lamp Co. It was developed to overcome the limitations of billets compacted in dies. Madden claimed that isostatically pressed billets were uniformly compacted, devoid of strata, and possessed sufficient green strength to permit handling. 

Westinghouse Lamp Co. by heating a mixture of vanadic oxide, metallic Ca and CaCl2 in... 

In 1927, Marden and Rich at the Westinghouse Lamp Company prepared metal with 99.8% vanadium by reduction of the oxide with calcium at 900-950°C. In this pure form the metal is ductile. 

Materials and Techniques. The tanks and chambers for treatments 1, 3 and 4 were constructed of 3/16-inch-thick OP-4 Plexiglas those for treatment 2 were constructed of iM-inch-thick OP-2 Plexiglas. Mylar D (thickness 4 mils) was placed over the top of treatment tank 3 to reduce levels of ambient UV-B. Transmission spectra of these materials are shown in Fig. 3. Enhancement of UV-A and UV-B was achieved by placing four FS-20 Westinghouse fluorescent sunlamps underneath treatment tank 4. In order to exclude most of the radiation less than 290 nm wavelength emitted by the lamps, a sheet of 4 mils thick Kodacel (TA 401), which had been preconditioned by exposure to a sunlamp for approximately 100 hours, was placed between the sunlamps and the bottom of the enhanced UV tank. 

The photooxidation was carried out in a commercial weathero-meter (Q-UV, Q-panel Co., Cleveland, Ohio). This apparatus uses medium pressure mercury fluorescent UV lamps (Sunlamps F5-40, Westinghouse Electric Corp.) which emit UV light in the 273-378 nm range with a maximum intensity at 310 nm. 

An experimental Laser-pump usin g a "ball of light to bathe a Laser rod from all directions has been developed at the Westinghouse Research Laboratories. In this device the Laser rod and lamp are placed along the center of a hollow spherical reflector, the entire inside surface of which is reflecting... 

High output fluorescent lamp (Westinghouse F48 T12/CW/SHO) sample to lamp distance was 1 inch. 

Photolysis is conducted in a Rayonet photochemical reactor consisting of 16 tabular UV lamps mounted around the inner surface of a polished cylindrical reflector, air cooled by a fan. The vessel to be irradiated (Vycor 7912 or quartz glass) is suspended in the center of the cylinder along its axis. Low pressure mercury lamps are used, 84% of whose emission (12,800 w/ cm2) is of 2537 A. For irradiation below r.t. the reaction vessel is immersed in a cooling bath and a low pressure mercury lamp (Westinghouse G 10T5 1/2 H) is placed in a vacuum-jacketed well in the center of the vessel. 

Radiation simulating solar radiation was given by a bank of four G.E. 40-watt cool white fluorescent lamps and two Westinghouse 400-watt EHl mercury vapor lamps mounted on one wall of the chamber. The walls of the chamber were covered with aluminized Mylar which provided a reflecting surface. (j>ka for NO2 was 2.8 hr ... 

Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Lamp Division, Bloomfield, N.J., U.S.A. 

A low-pressure mercury lamp sold by Westinghouse under the trade-mark, Sterilamp, was placed on the market in 1936. The lamp was primarily designed to emit a copious amount of bactericidal ultraviolet radiation with a minimum amount of radiation below 2000 A. The latter radiation is responsible for the photochemical production of ozone from oxygen of the air. The effectiveness of the lamp in destroying bacteria (2S) and mold 21) on Petri plates, in operating rooms 17,18), bacteriological laboratories 32), and air-conditioning systems 22, 24) has been amply demonstrated. 

Y. L. Sandler Westinghouse Research Laboratories)-. In view of the magnitude of the optical gap in ZnO ( 3 e.v.), it seems very unlikely that illumination by means of an incandescent lamp as used in Professor Schwab s experiments (Lecture 24) would cause any appreciable electronic excitation from the valance band to the conduction band in a pure ZuO crystal. It seems more likely that the electrons come from impurity levels due to the presence of water. We have recently demonstrated that the reduction of silver ions in aqueous solution can be photocatalyzed in presence of pure Ti02 or Si02 by light of wavelengths not absorbed by these oxides when in a dry state. 

The analyses were performed on a Jarrell-Ash Model No. 32-360 multipass atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a Beckman total consumption three burner set operated on a hydrogen-air mixture, and Westinghouse single element hollow cathode lamps. 

Figure 10.5. Intensity of two copper spectral lines as a function of hollow-cathode lamp current. Courtesy of Westinghouse Electric Corporation.

Room temperature monoclinic zirconia has little use as a SOFC electrolyte because it is predominantly an electronic conductor with low oxygen ion conductivity [15]. Cubic zirconia has high ionic conductivity but needs to be stabilized so that it retains its cubic structure at room temperature. Nemst discovered and reported in 1899 that mixtures of zirconia with other oxides such as magnesia showed high ionic conduction at high temperatures [16]. Two years later, he patented his further observation that the material composition (15% yttria and 85% zirconia) was suitable for electric-lamp glowers [17]. Westinghouse Electric Corporation has used a similar zirconia-based electrolyte in their SOFC development since 1962 [18]. 

Exciting closed shell transition metal complexes such as tungstates, molybdates, vanadates, titanates, etc. This way of excitation and its transfer to the RE has been known since the late 1950s. The method has been applied to phosphors for luminescent lamps and television screens. There is a vast literature and many reports by Phillips, General Electric, Westinghouse, etc. 

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