96-Well microplates

The microplate ELISA testis conducted in standard 96-well microplates. A microplate consists of a 12 X 8 grid of wells for test solutions. The three most widely used ELISA formats are immobilized antigen competitive immunoassay, immobilized antibody competitive immunoassay and sandwich immunoassay. " ... 

Fig. 16 Fluorescence images of LIVE/DEAD assays of the L929 cells encapsulated for 4 days (a) in the miniaturized PMBV/PVA hydrogel formed in the microfluidic chip, and (b) in the bulk PMBV/PVA hydrogel formed in the 96-well microplate. Green fluorescence indicates live cells and red fluorescence indicates dead cells. Scale bar 100 pm...

Fig. 17 Viability of L929 cells after 4 and 8 days of encapsulation in miniaturized PMBV/PVA formed in a microfluidic chip and in bulk PMBV/PVA hydrogel formed in a 96-well microplate...

For optimization, initial in vitro experiments were performed on a commercial Carbowax templated resin SPME assembly with samples in different volumes of PBS solution in 96-well microplates. No differences were found between 3.0- and 1.5-mL samples. Concentrations of 10 to 500 ng/mL in PBS, 50 to 5000 ng/mL in dog plasma, and 1 to 1000 ng/mL in whole blood were used for calibration extractions. The LC interface design for probe desorption from the fiber is shown in Figure 1.47. 

Ready-to-use ligands 96-well microplate Storage plate... 

F. Dreher, B. S. Modjtahedi, S. P. Modjtahedi, and H. I. Maibach. Quantification of stratum corneum removal by adhesive tape stripping by total protein assay in 96-well microplates. Skin Res. Technol. 11 97-101 (2005). 

The microdilution method was employed for antibacterial and antifungal activity tests. Media were placed into each well of the 96 well-microplate. Extract solutions at 1,024 pg/ml were added into first raw of microplates and twofold dilutions of the compounds (512-0.25 pg/ml) were made by dispensing the solutions to the remaining wells. Ten microliters of culture suspensions were inoculated into all the wells. The sealed microplates were incubated at 35°C for 24 and 48 h in humid chamber. The lowest concentration of the extracts that completely inhibit macroscopic growth was determined and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were... 

Chandler, G.T., Cary, T.L., Volz, D.C., Walse, S.S., Ferry, J.L., and Klosterhaus, S.L. Fibronil effects on estuarine copepod (Amphiascus tenuiremid) development, fertility, and reproduction a rapid life cycle assay in 96-well microplate format. Environ. Toxicol Chem., 24(1) 117-124, 2004. 

Xanthon (now defunct) planned to introduce a disposable 96-well microplate microelectrode system known as the X AS (Xanthon Xpression Analysis System) for use in high-throughput nucleic acid assays using robotic... 

Figure 6.9 Monoclonal (antiinterleukin) antibody array in vacuum-formed 96-well microplate. (From Matson, R.S. etal., Poster 20, Oak Ridge Conference, 2001. With permission.)...

A miniaturized version of the conventional flask method with S. capricomutum has been developed by Blaise et al [136]. In this assay the algae are exposed to the toxicant in 96-well microplates for a period of 96 hours, after which the cell density is determined using a hemocytometer or electronic particle counter. ATP content measurements [136] or chlorophyll fluorescence [141,142] have also been proposed as test criteria. Compared to the flask method, the main advantages of the microplate assay are (a) the small sample volumes and reduced... 

Place the 96-well microplate on the 96-well magnet (we find the QIAgen magnets Type A or B work well but there are many other suitable magnets on the market) for 1 min and remove the supernatant carefully from the beads with... 

The SOS-umuC assay allows three compounds to be assessed over seven dilutions on a 96-well microplate. A user can prepare up to 15 assay microplates/day, meaning that a user can profile around 180 compounds/week or around 10 000 compounds/ year. 

With a format in which four compounds are tested per 96-well microplate, with robust host cells and rapid assay time, it is possible to assess up to 160 compounds/ week, even without automation. Beyond this throughput, compound supply and data collection become the rate-limiting factors. 

A photoaffinity crosslinker modified gold chip and 96-well microplate with 15 sugar solutions was placed in a contact pin type automated spotter. 

Black 96-well microplate (Multiplate 96FII Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Osaka, Japan). 

For the spectrophotometric method, there is no sample workup, allowing one to run -4 assays/hr. This can be increased to -16 to 100 or more samples/hr depending on equipment features and automation, such as multiple cuvette holders/changers and 96-well microplate readers. For the colorimetric procedure, sample workup requires -10 min/subsample, but several samples can be batch processed simulta-... 

As the standardized 96-well microplate format (and multitudes thereof) has found universal prevalence as the platform of choice in routine laboratory applications (ELISA and PCR), the full compatibility of the IPCR... 

MetPLATE is a bacterial/enzymatic test that is selective for heavy metal toxicity in water (Bitton and Morel, 1998). As compared to the MetPAD assay (Bitton et al., 1992a,b), it is a quantitative test that uses a 96-well microplate format, thus allowing... 

Transparent 96-well microplates (Corning, Torino, Italy)... 

Fig. 6.3 Scheme of an ELISA sandwich assay. Left panel A typical assay format using a 96-well microplate, pre-coated with a capture antibody (Ab). The drug analyte in the sample is bound to the immobilized capture Ab. The extraneous matrix components are washed away before addition of the detector second Ab, which is conjugated with horseradish per-... 

The procedure should be amenable to automation. For example, instead of using test tubes and centrifugation, the processes of filtration by a 96-well microplate into a 96-well collection plate, drying, reconstitution and injection onto the LC-MS/MS are more conducive to automation. 

Kolb, A. X Neumann, K. 1997. Beyond the 96-well microplate instruments and assay methods for the 384-well format. J. Biomol. Screening, 2, 103-109. 

The cells are treated with the test article in 96-well microplates for a short treatment period with metabolic activation (e.g. 3 hours) and for a long treatment period without metabolic activation (e.g. 24 hours) and harvested 24 hours (recovery time) after the end of the treatment. Cells are then fixed and stained. The cytotoxicity of the test compound is evaluated by the relative cell growth, expressed as a percentage of the negative control. The highest evaluated concentration should produce not less than 30% cell survival or should be the first concentration where precipitation is observed. Duplicated cultures should be performed at each dose level. A very detailed description of the protocol, the validity criteria, and the evaluation was published by the IWGT in 2003 (Kirsch-Volders et al. 2003). 

Well microplate spectrophotometer /3-galactosidase solution (unknown concentration) in IX PBS... 

Well microplate spectrophotometer—1 required, with a printer. 

A suspension of human breast cancer cell BT-474 (100 jxl, 6000 cells) was sown into a 96-well microplate and cultured at 37°C in the presence of 5% carbon dioxide. On the following day, IOOjjlI of a selected experimental agent was added and cultured 5 days. After the culture medium containing the chemical agent was removed, cells... 

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