Water-treatment polymers labeled

Labeled Water Treatment Polymer. Low molecular weight poly(acrylic acid) is used as a dispersant for mineral scale in water treatment applications. The water treatment polymer is added to the aqueous system in a predetermined concentration that is effective to inhibit the formation and deposition of mineral scale. The concentration of the polymer must be monitored over time in order that the amount of polymer present in the system can be maintained at the predetermined concentration. 

The effectiveness (and efficiency) of two saccharide labeled water treatment polymers as calcium scale inhibitors were then evaluated against low molecular weight poly(acrylic acid), which served as a control. The results of this study are summarized in Table I. The scale inhibition of the labeled polymers was comparable to that of the control at 5 ppm. This indicates that the saccharide tag has no adverse effect on the water treatment performance of the polymer other than, perhaps, to dilute the amount of acrylic acid residues present per unit of polymer present (note the drop in the performance of the experimental polymers relative to that of the control polymer at a concentration of 3 ppm). 

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There are three forms of this ionomer, sometimes labelled as shrunk (S), normal (N) and expanded (E) forms. The S-form is acquired after a treatment at high temperatures it corresponds to an ultra-dry state, when all the residual water molecules are expelled from the polymer matrix. Since water works as a plasticiser for this polymer, the S-form is rugged and essentially... 

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