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Water treatment groundwater

As a result, hydrophilidty is introduced to the surface. The world production of activated carbons in 2002 was estimated to be about 750000 metric tons. There is discrimination between gas- and liquid-phase carbons. Typical liquid-phase applications are potable water treatment, groundwater remediation, and industrial and municipal waste-water treatment and sweetener decolorization. Gas-adsorption applications are solvent recovery, gasoline emission control, and protection against atmospheric contaminants. [Pg.50]

Metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles have been proposed to water treatment, groundwater remediation and removal of toxic contaminants from air [13]. Their widespread use could expose biological systems, thorough inhalation, dermal contact or ingestion and absorption through the digestive tract. [Pg.455]

Actual water treatment challenges are multicomponent. For example, contamination of groundwater by creosote [8021-39-4], a wood (qv) preservative, is a recurring problem in the vicinity of wood-preserving faciUties. Creosote is a complex mixture of 85 wt % polycycHc aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 10 wt % phenohc compounds, including methylated phenols and the remaining 5 wt % N—, S—, and O— heterocycHcs (38). Aqueous solutions of creosote are therefore, in many ways, typical of the multicomponent samples found in polluted aquifers. [Pg.402]

Potable Water Treatment. Treatment of drinking water accounts for about 24% of the total activated carbon used in Hquid-phase apphcations (74). Rivers, lakes, and groundwater from weUs, the most common drinking water sources, are often contaminated with bacteria, vimses, natural vegetation decay products, halogenated materials, and volatile organic compounds. Normal water disinfection and filtration treatment steps remove or destroy the bulk of these materials (75). However, treatment by activated carbon is an important additional step in many plants to remove toxic and other organic materials (76—78) for safety and palatability. [Pg.534]

These examples help to illustrate the versatility of activated carbon in standard water treatment applications. Another application which merits a distinct discussion is groundwater remediation. This is discussed below. [Pg.420]

WAS Waste activated sludge, mg/L. The excess growth of microorganisms which must be removed from the process to keep the biological system in balance. Wastewater The used water and solids from a community that flow to a treatment plant. Storm water, surface water, and groundwater infiltration also may be included in the wastewater that enters a wastewater treatment plant. The term "sewage" usually refers to household wastes, but this word is being replaced by the term "wastewater". [Pg.629]

Level 1 For each River Basin, identification of the existing problems and their possible causes (the same problem can be originated for more than one cause). For example, the problem No demand satisfaction can be caused by water transfers, surface water and groundwater extraction, agricultural and farm activities (water pollution), a lack of urban and industrial wastewater treatment, Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs), etc. [Pg.139]

Groundwater Pump-and-Treat and Drinking Water Treatment. 1030... [Pg.986]

GROUNDWATER PUMP-AND-TREAT AND DRINKING WATER TREATMENT... [Pg.1030]

Treatment performance data for ongoing projects are shown in Tables 24.18 and 24.19, for pump-and-treat and drinking water treatment projects, respectively. Both types of projects treated groundwater with relatively high initial MTBE concentrations (>100,000 pg/L). The available data show that 10 of 11 drinking water treatment projects achieved treated MTBE concentrations of <50 pg/L, while the results for pump-and-treat were more widely distributed. [Pg.1032]

Aboveground Treatment Technologies Used at 70 Groundwater Pump-and-Treat Remediation and Drinking Water Treatment Projects... [Pg.1040]

The environmental fate of chemicals describes the processes by which chemicals move and are transformed into the environment. Environmental fate processes that should be addressed include persistence in air, water and soil reactivity and degradation migration in groundwater removal from effluents by standard waste-water treatment methods and bioaccumulation in aquatic or terrestrial organisms. [Pg.48]

The effluent waters of a waste water treatment plant (Ruhleben) in Berlin (Fig. 3) show the highest positive Gd anomaly observed to date. Strong positive Gd anomalies are common in effluents of other treatment plants across the world (e.g. Australia, USA, Austria, Germany, and Czech Republic) due to the inability of the treatment processes to remove the highly stable and water soluble Gd complexes. This is also the cause for their presence in river and lake waters and in groundwater which receive these effluent waters either directly (input into rivers) or indirectly (infiltration). [Pg.220]

Occupational exposure to higher than background levels of chloroform can be expected to occur in some occupations although few quantitative exposure data were located. Populations with the highest potential exposures appear to be workers employed in or persons living near industries and facilities that manufacture or use chloroform operators and individuals who live near municipal and industrial waste water treatment plants and incinerators, and paper and pulp plants and persons who derive their drinking water from groundwater sources contaminated with leachate from hazardous waste sites. [Pg.198]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.34 , Pg.40 , Pg.41 ]




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