Water reclamation

Table 5 Membrane specifications and operation conditions for UF stage in WWTP hybrid process for industrial reuse water reclamation...

The opportunities offered by the state of the art in the development and apphca-tion of advanced technologies for water reclamation have been presented and illustrated by means of a general example representative of the abihty of using WWTP effluents as regenerated water source by means of combination of advanced technologies. 

AL-Odwani A, Ahmed M, Bou-Hamad S (2007) Carwash water reclamation in Kuwait. Desalination 206 17-28... 

Several high-rate air flotation clarifiers (both DAF and dispersed air flotation) with less than 15 min of detention times have been developed for groundwater decontamination, industrial effluent treatment, resources recovery, and water reclamation. Both insoluble and soluble impurities such as... 

Cooper, J.C., Hager, D.G. Water Reclamation with Activated Carbon , Chemical Engineering Progress, Oct. 1966, p. 85. 

Glass DC. 1990b. An assessment of the exposure of water reclamation workers to hydrogen sulphide. Ann Occup Hyg 34 509-519. 

There is no doubt that membrane processes are becoming one of the most powerful and important processes in wastewater treatment and water reclamation. The main reasons for this expectation are the following ... 

Levine, A.D., Asano, T., Water reclamation, recycling and reuse in industry, Chapter 2 in ... 

Water Reclamation Works by their very nature can, at times be the source of unpleasant odorous emission. The odour-intensive compounds (osmogenes) which make up these emissions are believed to arise mainly as the decomposition products of carbohydrates and proteins. The breakdown of this waste material proceeds by aerobic and anaerobic processes at various stages of the treatment plant. Atmospheric pollution of this nature frequently results in complaints from members of the public either resident, or perhaps employed in the vicinity of such works. In order to confirm or deny that a reclamation works is responsible for a particular nuisance and, if possible to identify the causal agents it was decided that the Authority should have the capability of analysing for odorous and other polluting constituents of the atmosphere. This paper describes the progress made towards this objective and summarises the experience gained with a procedure in use. There are two principle approaches available for the analytical classification of odorous emissions -... 

The only odour-intensive species conclusively identified in the odorous emission of water reclamation works were dimethyl -disulphide, -trisulphide and -tetrasulphide. 

This sample is included because it is an interesting departure from the odorous emissions more commonly associated with water reclamation works. Aqueous dairy waste sampled at this time and subsequently analysed by the same techniques demonstrated that none ol the listed osmogenes were present. The odorous emission was thus a function of the filtration unit and its mode of operation rather than directly originating from the effluent being treated. The key osmogenes are believed to be -... 

A variety of compounds have been identified as key contributes to certain malodorous emissions originating from water reclamation works. The most important are considered to be polymeric sulphides, volatile fatty acids, indole and cresol. The utilisation of high resolution gas chromatography in conjuction with olfactory detection is identified as a valuable aid to the analytical procedure. 

Adham, S., R GagUardo, L. Boulos, J. Oppenheimer, and R. Trussell (2001). Feasibility of the Membrane Bioieactor Process for Water Reclamation. Water Science and Technology 43 203-209. 

Figure Twelve (12) depicts the basic design of a semiconductor rinse water reclamation facility which utilizes many of these technologies to reclaim approximately 90% of the contaminated rinse water and restore it to ultrapure water standards.

Figure 12, Semi-conductor Rinse Water Reclamation System...

Culver, T. B., and Shoemaker, C. A. (1997). "Dynamic optimal ground-water reclamation with treatment capital costs." J. Water Resour. Ping, and Mgmt Div., ASCE, 123(1), 23-29. 

I. Nusbaum and D.G. Argo, Design and Operation of a 5-mgd Reverse Osmosis Plant for Water Reclamation, in Synthetic Membrane Processes, G. Belfort (ed.), Academic Press, Orlando, FL, pp. 377-436 (1984). 

Adham, S., Gagliardo, P., Boulos, L., Oppenheimer, J. and Trussel, R. (2001) Feasibility of the membrane bioreactor process for water reclamation. Water Science and Technology, 43 (10),... 

Membrane bioreactors for water reclamation. Water Science and Technology, 51, 431-4-40. 

Biomaterials, Synthesis, Fabrication, and Applications Bioreactors Distillation electrochemical Engineering Fluid Dynamics Membrane Structure Membranes, Synthetic (Chemistry) Molecular Hydrodynamics Nano-structured Materials, Chemistry of Pharmaceuticals, Controlled Release of Solvent Extraction Wastewater Treatment and Water Reclamation... 

Environmental Toxicology Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution, Air Pollution Control Pollution, Environmental Radioactive Waste Disposal Soil and Groundwater Pollution Transport and Fate of Chemicals in the Environment Waste-to-Energy Systems Waste-water Treatment and Water Reclamation Water Pollution... 

Water reclamation of municipal and industrial waste-waters. 

NDMA) in a Water Reclamation Treatment Plant, Conference Proceedings of the First International Congress on Ultraviolet Technologies, International Ultraviolet Assoc. (lUVA), June 14-16, Washington, DC, electronic release. 

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