Dairy wastes

Treatment of dairy waste streams from CIP and other operations is not a significant portion of plant energy use, but waste from the dairy industry can contribute to the pollution of water and soil (Kosseva, 2009). 

Sample Location Double filtration unit treating dairy waste (exclusively)... 

This sample is included because it is an interesting departure from the odorous emissions more commonly associated with water reclamation works. Aqueous dairy waste sampled at this time and subsequently analysed by the same techniques demonstrated that none ol the listed osmogenes were present. The odorous emission was thus a function of the filtration unit and its mode of operation rather than directly originating from the effluent being treated. The key osmogenes are believed to be -... 

Ohrt, J.A. Physicochemical Pretreatment of a Synthetic Industrial Dairy Waste. Lenox Institute of Water Technology Lenox, MA. Masters Thesis (Wang, L.K. Aulenbach, D.B., advisors), 2001 62... 

Clark, W. S., Jr. 1979A. Symposium on the chemical and nutritional aspects of dairy wastes. J. Agr. Food Chem. 27, 653-698. 

Wet oxidation of dairy waste is one of the most difficult tasks that microorganisms are required to do. The microbiological system must oxidize the carbon and hydrogen of organic compounds to carbon dioxide and water, respectively, and must at the same time conserve its own mass. In other words, the cellular mass must neither increase nor decrease over long periods. That this ultimate objective is closely approached in practice testifies to the remarkable power of the metabolic capacity of microorganisms. 

Dairy wastes fall into two categories, one of which may be described as an intrinsic waste, and the other as a conditional waste. All dairy factories experience losses that are intrinsically a part of factory operation. For example, a dairy factory that receives 10,000 lb of milk daily may produce each working day about 1250 gal of waste with a milk solids concentration of 0.1 %. Cheese plants, on the other hand, produce whey as a by-product of cheesemaking although whey contains half the nutrients of the milk from which it was derived, it must be treated as a conditional waste—conditional upon the absence of a suitable market for its use. A more detailed discussion on disposal of dairy wastes can be found in a review by Arbuckle (1970). 

As oxidants, either permanganate or dichromate may be employed under standard conditions of concentration, temperature, and time. These reagents have been studied critically only the results with dichromate were found to reflect accurately the BOD of dairy wastes (Fritz 1960A,B). 

Arbuckle, W. S. 1970. Disposed of dairy wastes. In Byproducts from Milk, B. H. Webb, and E. O. Whittier (Editors). AVI Publishing Co., Westport, Conn., pp. 405-421. 

Fritz, A. 1960A. Determination of the strength of dairy wastes. Part I. Milchwissen-schaft 15, 237-242. (German)... 

Hoover, S. R., Jasewicz, L. and Porges, N. 1952A. Biochemical oxidation of dairy wastes. IV. Endogenous respiration and stability of aerated dairy waste sludge. Sewage Ind. Wastes 24, 1144-1149. 

Hoover, S. R. and Porges, N. 1952. Assimilation of dairy wastes by activated sludge. II. The equation of synthesis and rate of oxygen utilization. Sewage Ind Wastes 24, 306-312. 

Porges, N. 1956. Waste treatment by optimal aeration—Theory and practice in dairy waste disposed, J. Milk Food Technol. 19, 34-38. 

Porges, N. 1958. Practiced application of laboratory data to dairy waste treatment. Food Technol 12, 78-80. 

Porges, N., Michener, T. S., Jr., Jasewicz, J. and Hoover, S. R. 1960. Dairy waste treatment by aeration. Agriculture Handbook. Agriculture Reseeirch Service, Washington, D.C. 

Ifeadi, N.G. "Quantitative measurement and sensory evaluation of dairy waste odor". Thesis, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, 1972. 

Whey hydrolysis and dairy waste processing for production of food ingredients [116] production of glucose, galactose, substrates for alcohol and ascorbic acid production [64] Solubilization of fish, meat, and leather remains, production of protein hydrolysates [64,65]... 

Jelen P. Reprocessing of whey and other dairy wastes for use as food ingredients. Food Technol 1983 37 81-84. 

TABLE 3.3 Characteristics of dairy waste effluents (combined from Wildbrett, 1988 Demirel et al., 2005)... 

Anaerobic treatment applications for dairy industry wastewaters have been evaluated in a number of previous studies (Backman et al., 1985 Barford et al., 1986 Clanton et al., 1985 Hills and Kayhanian, 1985 Lo and Liao, 1986a,b Lo et al., 1987 Mendez et al., 1989 Samson et al., 1985 Toldra et al., 1987). More recent information about anaerobic treatment practices of dairy waste streams is also presented by Demirel et al. (2005) (Tables 3.8 and 3.9). 

A comparison of the three bioremediation strategies for the management of dairy waste is summarized below ... 

Arvanitoyannis, I. S. and Giakoundis, A. (2006). Current strategies for dairy waste management A review. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 46, 379-390. 

Hills, D. J. and Kayhanian, M. (1985). Methane from settled and filtered flushed dairy wastes. Trans ASAE 28, 865-869. 

Samson, R, Van den Berg, B, Peters, R, and Claude, H. (1985). Dairy waste treatment using industrial scale fixed-film and upflow sludge bed anaerobic digesters Design and startup experience. In Proceedings of 39thPurdue Industrial Waste Conference", pp. 235-241. 

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