Water Quality Act

The U.S. Congress enacted the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) in 1972. The act was significantly amended in 1977 and has since become known as the CWA. It was again amended by the Water Quality Act of 1987. The CWA applies to aU industries that generate wastewater discharges. Some of its provisions are particularly applicable to the pesticide industry. 

Success in Solving Environmental Protection Problems. The EPA reported that 1303 chemical plants out of 1371 were in compliance with the 1970 Clean Air Act. This represents a 95 per cent compliance rate. Also, 89 per cent of the chemical plants were in compliance with the 1977 deadline of "best practicable control" specified in the 1972 Federal Water Quality Act Amendments. (4) Hence, the chemical industry has been somewhat successful in utilizing its technology to meet environmental protection standards. Officers from twelve of the fifteen responding firms indicated that R D effort to meet these deadlines represented efficient and effective solutions to pollution control problems. 

Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Water Quality Act) 1961, amended in 1987 EPA establishes standards for release of contaminants to waterways... 

In 1965 the Water Quality Act established a new trend in water pollution control. It provided that the states set water quality standards in accordance with federal guidelines. If the states failed to do so, the federal government, subject to a review hearing, would set the standards. In 1966, the Clean Water Restoration Act transferred the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to the Department of the Interior. It also gave the Interior Department the responsibility for the Oil Pollution Act. 

The steady interest in the effects of the chemistry and physics of the carbon surface on pollutant removal from waters has been ignited by the U.S. Clean Water Act (enacted in 1972, amended as the Water Quality Act in 1987). The most recent interest stems from the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendment of 1996. Activated carbon adsorption has been cited by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (www.epa.gov) as one of the best available control technologies. Furthermore, the most recent efforts to understand the adsorption of the same pollutants by soils [7,8] can benefit from comparisons of similarities and differences with respect to the behavior of activated carbons. 

The Water Quality Act of 1987 strengthened federal water quality regulations, regulated toxic discharges, expanded treatment to nonpoint sources, and established new stormwater restrictions. 

A new permit with the state of New Mexico will require this liquid stream to meet the domestic water supply limit for dissolved NO3 of 10 mg/L measured as N (in order to comply with the federal Clean Water Act and the New Mexico Water Quality Act). A nitric-acid fractionation (distillation column) is to be installed to recover these nitrates from the discard stream prior to disposal. The column (Figure 4.22) will include a total condenser and partial reboiler and will operate with a reflux ratio of 0.4. 

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 and its amendments, the Clean Water Act of 1977 and the Water Quality Act of 1987, focused on improving water quality standards in the United States [54]. These requirements are based on health standards intended for various water use categories, which are ... 

Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended by the Water Quality Act of 1965 (3 U.S.C. 466e(g)). Provides for financial assistance to States or municipalities for construction of facilities in connection with the prevention and control of water pollution. This includes projects that will control the discharge into any waters of untreated or inadequately treated sewage. 

In 1987, further amendments were incorporated into the Water Quality Act (WQA). These amendments were aimed principally to improve water quality in areas that lacked... 

The Water Quality Act of 1987 requires discharge permits for all point sources of pollution. More than 95% of all major facilities now comply with 5-year NPDES permits, which specify the fypes and amounts of pollutants that legally can be discharged. When permits are renewed, they can be modified to reflect more stringent regulations. Violators are subject to enforcement actions by EPA, including criminal prosecution. 

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