Wash and wear

MiscelUneous. Mahc acid is used in pharmaceuticals (qv), cosmetics (qv), dentifrices (qv), metal cleaning, electroless plating (46), wash-and-wear textile finishing (47—49), for stabilization of heat-sensitive copying paper (50), as an inhibitor of gelation, livering, and agglomeration in cellulose nitrate Hqueurs, and in many other appHcations. 

Some amino resins are used as additives to modify the properties of other materials. For example, a small amount of amino resin added to textile fabric imparts the familiar wash-and-wear quaUties to shirts and dresses. Automobile tires are strengthened by amino resins which improve the adhesion of mbber to tire cord (qv). A racing sailboat may have a better chance to win because the sails of Dacron polyester have been treated with an amino resin (1). Amino resins can improve the strength of paper even when it is wet. Molding compounds based on amino resins are used for parts of electrical devices, botde and jar caps, molded plastic dinnerware, and buttons. 

Glyoxal Resins. Since the late 1960s, glyoxal resins have dorninated the textile-finish market for use as wrinMe-recovery, wash-and-wear, and durable-press agents. These resins are based on l,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazohdinone, commonly called... 

Melamine—Formaldehyde Resins. The most versatile textile-finishing resins are the melamine—formaldehyde resins. They provide wash-and-wear properties to ceUulosic fabrics, and enhance the wash durabiHty of flame-retardant finishes. Butylated melamine —formaldehyde resins of the type used in surface coatings may be used in textile printing-ink formulations. A typical textile melamine resin is the dimethyl ether of trimethylolmelamine [1852-22-8] which can be prepared as follows ... 

Textiles. Sorbitol sequesters iron and copper ions in strongly alkaline textile bleaching or scouring solutions (see Textiles). In compositions for conferring permanent wash-and-wear properties on cotton fabrics, sorbitol is a scavenger for unreacted formaldehyde (252) and a plasticizer in sod-resistant and sod-release finishes (253). 

Dyeable (free hydroxy groups), hydrophilic (comfortable), stable, low price, poor wash and wear characteristics... 

Along with nylons, polyester fibers approach and exceed common natural fibers such as cotton and wool in heat stability, wash-and-wear properties, and wrinkle resistance. Blended textiles from polyester, cotton, and wool also can be made to be permanent-press and... 

From the standpoint of use in textiles, cotton is rated excellent for hand (general feel, softness, drape), pilling resistance, and stability to repeated launderings. Cotton is rated good for abrasion resistance, strength, wash and wear performance, and wrinkle resistance. Resisiance to sunlight is rated only fair. Pressed-erease retention is rated poor. Safe-ironing temperature for most coiton fabrics is 425°F (2I9°C>. 

Flax fabrics (linen) have an excellent hand, fair abrasion resistance, fair pilling resistance, good stability to repeated launderings, fair sunlight resistance, excellent colorfastness. veiy poor wash and wear performance, and poor wrinkle resistance. 

Until the 20th century mankind was limited to natural fibers such as wool, cotton, linen, and for the rich, silk. The first man-made fiber was artificial silk rayon (1910), which was based on cellulose. The big jump came with the invention of nylon by Wallace Carothers, with commercial production starting in 1939, followed in the 1950s by acrylics (which, when mixed with cotton, produced the wash-and wear textiles), polyesters, and many others. 

Dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxides (cyclic sulfate esters of 1,2-diols) are used in practice like sultones to introduce acid substituents into nitrogen heterocycles (48BSF1002), especially into cyanine dyes (58GEP1028718). Fluorinated derivatives are useful in the treatment of textiles such as cotton to impart wash and wear characteristics (62USP3055913). The conversion of cyclic sulfates into resinous film-forming polymers has been likewise patented (64USP3154526). 

Rhoplex K-3 was also applied in combination with 1.2% polyethylene (Moropol 700, supplied by Mortex Chemical Products), a material that lubricates the surfaces of the yarns, gives the fabric more flexibility, and increases the tearing strength of resin-treated wash and wear fabrics (4). A second sample of Rhoplex K-3 with 1.2% polyethylene added was air dried instead of oven dried to assess the influence of different drying methods. 

Ryan, J.J., Wash-and-wear fabrics, in Chemical Aftertreatment of Textiles, Mark, N., Wooding, N.S., and Atlas, S.M., Eds., Wiley Interscience, New York, 1971, pp. 417-464. 

Monsanto wash and wear standards Standard samples or photographs for wash and wear performance (standard one is worst and five is best smoothness) A fabric is finished, washed, dried in a standard manner and compared subjectively for appearance with a series of five standard samples, using a panel for the test sample with illumination at an angle of indication with the plane of fabric of 10-15 . 

Gelabert A and Kyriazis J, APCM - a new type of formaldehyde-free crosslinking agents for wash-and-wear finishes , MeZZiawd/wtemafiowa/, 1999,5(2), 181-184 and (in German) Melliand Textilberichte, 1999, 80(1/2), 50-53. 

FIXAPRET types are mainly used in cases where wash-and-wear finishes with good resistance to washing at the boil are required. Cellulosic-synthetic blends are also finished mainly with reactant-type products. It has already been mentioned that certain types are suitable for producing permanent calender and pllsse effects. 

The active substance contained in the catalyst CONDENSOL Z is zinc chloride. The product is used mainly in combination with the FIXAPRET and KADRIT types for the wash-and-wear finishing of cotton and cotton/synthetic goods. 

SILIGEN E Imparts to fabrics a smooth, flowing handle, which is highly desirable in the wash-and-wear finishing of poplin shirtings, for instance. 

As a general rule, 20% CNC CATALYST FC based on total amount of resin in bath is suggested. Normal resin cure will insure excellent wash and wear. Very low formaldehyde release with little or no shade change. 

Compatible with many resins and extenders including those used in wash and wear and durable press finishes. 

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