W locus

Chabot, B., Stephenson, D. A., Chapman, V. M., Besmer, P., and Bernstein, A. (1988). The proto-oncogene c-kit encoding a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor maps to the mouse W locus. Nature 335 88-89. 

Geissler, E. N., Ryan, M. A., and Housman, D. E. (1988). The dominant-white spotting (W) locus of the mouse encodes the c-kit proto-oncogene. Cell 55 185-192. 

Manova, K., and Bachvarova, R. F. (1991). Expression of c-kit encoded at the W locus of mice in developing embryonic germ cells and presumptive melanoblasts. Dev. Biol. 146 312-324. 

Orr-Urtreger, A., Avivi, A., Zimmer, Y Givol, D Yarde, Y., and Lonai, P. (1990). Developmental expression of c-kit, a proto-oncogene encoded by the W locus. Development 109 911-923. 

Huang E, Nocka K, Beier DR, Chu T-Y, Buck J, Lahm H-W, Wellner D, Eeder P, Besmer P, 1990. The hematopoietic growth factor KL Is encoded by the SI locus and is the ligand of c-kit receptor, the gene product of the W locus. Cell 63 225... 

Approach taken to further understanding osteopetrosis was based on knowledge concerning two phenolypically similar murine mutants with macrocytic anemia (Wiktor-Jedrzejczak et al., 1981). These two anemias one secondary to mutation of the W locus (now known as c-kit) and the other secondary to the mutation of Steel locus (now known as gene for Kit Ligand or Steel Factor) are reciprocally sensitive/resistant to bone marrow transplantation... 

Cohen S.P., Yan W. Levy S.B. (1993) A multidrug resistance regulatory locus is widespread among enteric bacteria. J Infect Dis, 168, 484-488. 

W3. Watanabe, M., Zingg, B. C and Mohrenweiser, H. W., Molecular analysis of a series of alleles in humans with reduced activity at the triosephosphate isomerase locus. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 58, 308-316(1996). 

Two existing mouse mutations have provided insight into the factors necessary for germ cell migration and proliferation. Mutations at either the dominant white spotting (W) or Steel (SI) locus affect three migratory... 

Li, S., Crenshaw, E. B., Rawson, E. J., Simmons, D. M., Swanson, L. W and Rosenfeld, M. G. (1990). Dwarf locus mutants lacking three pituitary cell types result from mutations in the POU-domain gene pit-1. Nature 347 528-533. 

Basheer, R Magner, M., McCarley, R. W. Shiromani, P. J. (1998). REM sleep deprivation increases the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine transporter mRNA in the locus coeruleus. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 57,... 

The neural structures involved in the promotion of the waking (W) state are located in the (1) brainstem [dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), median raphe nucleus (MRN), locus coeruleus (LC), laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei (LDT/PPT), and medial-pontine reticular formation (mPRF)] (2) hypothalamus [tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) and lateral hypothalamus (LH)[ (3) basal forebrain (BFB) (medial septal area, nucleus basalis of Meynert) and (4) midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) (Pace-Schott Hobson, 2002 Jones, 2003). The following neurotransmitters function to promote W (1) acetylcholine (ACh LDT/PPT, BFB) (2) noradrenaline (NA LC) (3) serotonin (5-HT DRN, MRN) (4) histamine (HA TMN) (5) glutamate (GLU mPRF, BFB, thalamus) (6) orexin (OX LH) and (7) dopamine (DA VTA, SNc) (Zoltoski et al, 1999 Monti, 2004). 

Locus coeruleus (noradrenaline) highest lower lowest increased during W... 

Nurnberger JI Jr, Foroud T, Flury L, Su J, Meyer ET, Hu K, Crowe R, Edenberg H, Goate A, Bierut L, Reich T, Schuckit M, Reich W. Evidence for a locus on chromosome 1 that influences vulnerability to alcoholism and affective disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2001 158 718-724. 

Levy-Lahad, E., Wasco, W., Poorkaj, R et al. Candidate gene for the chromosome 1 familial Alzheimer s disease locus. Science 269 973-977,1995. 

Scott, W. K., Grubber, J. M., Conneally, P. M. etal. Fine mapping of the chromosome 12 late-onset Alzheimer disease locus potential genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 66 922-932,2000. 

Lee, Y.W., C. Pons, D.M. Tummolo, C.B. Klein, T.G. Rossman, and N.T. Christie. 1993. Mutagenicity of soluble and insoluble nickel compounds at the gpt locus in G12 Chinese hamster cells. Environ. Molec. Mutagen. 21 365-371. 

In Figure 21.7(b), the path in the FBCR itself is isothermal at Tmax, since this represents the locus of maximum rates in this case. Even strict adherence to isothermal operation is usually impractical, but it represents an ideal case for minimizing W. 

Ingelman-Sundberg, M. and W.E. Evans, "Unraveling the Functional Genomics of the Human CYP2D6 Gene Locus," Pharmacogenetics, 11, 553-554 (2001). 

---