Steel locus

Besmer, P. (1991). The kit ligand encoded at the murine Steel locus a pleiotropic growth and differentiation factor. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 3 939-946. 

Witte, O. N. (1990). Steel locus defines new multipotent growth factor. Cell 63 5-6. 

III. ROLE OF THE DOMINANT SPOTTING LOCUS AND THE STEEL LOCUS IN THE MIGRATION AND PROLIFERATION OF MELANOCYTES... 

Copeland, N.G., Gilbert, D.J., Cho, B.C., Donovan, P.J., Jenkins, N.A., Cosman, D., Anderson, D., Lyman, S.D. and Williams, D.E. (1990) Mast cell growth factor maps near the steel locus on mouse chromosome 10 and is deleted in a number of steel alleles. Cell 63, 175-183. 

SCF is encoded by the mouse Steel (SI) loci (Zsebo et al, 1990). The Sl-Dickie allele of mutant mice (Sf ) encodes a smaller protein due to deletions of the transmembrane and intracellular domains. SI cells exclusively express a secreted form of SCF (Flanagan et al, 1991). Another mutation of the Steel locus, Sl/Sl, results in complete loss of SCF production (Zsebo et al, 1990). Mutations of both the Steel and SI loci result in similar phenotypic disorders of hematopoiesis characterized by reduction in stem cell numbers, anemia, mast cell- and repair deficiencies (Nocka et al., 1989 McCulloch et al., 1965). Phenotypes of Sf mice show that the membrane inserted SCF must have an... 

Approach taken to further understanding osteopetrosis was based on knowledge concerning two phenolypically similar murine mutants with macrocytic anemia (Wiktor-Jedrzejczak et al., 1981). These two anemias one secondary to mutation of the W locus (now known as c-kit) and the other secondary to the mutation of Steel locus (now known as gene for Kit Ligand or Steel Factor) are reciprocally sensitive/resistant to bone marrow transplantation... 

Two existing mouse mutations have provided insight into the factors necessary for germ cell migration and proliferation. Mutations at either the dominant white spotting (W) or Steel (SI) locus affect three migratory... 

Locus and Mechanism of Adhesion Failure during Corrosion Effects of Adhesive Chemistry. In previous studies (4- on the corrosion induced adhesion loss of coatings from steel surfaces, a primary mechanism for coating deadhesion was polymer degradation at the coating/metal interface by corrosion reactions that generate hydroxide ion ... 

The extent of coating adhesion failure was found to be dependent upon the resistance of the polymer in the coating to hydrolysis by corrosion generated hydroxide. In this study, similar trends have been observed for adhesives. Table I shows the results of salt spray corrosion on a series of bonds between cold rolled steel adherends and adhesives of varying chemistry. The results show that there is a direct correlation between the chemistry of the adhesive polymer and the durability of the series of adhesive bonds studied. The locus of adhesion failure also appears to be related to the type of adhesive chemistry. In this study, adhesives based on polymers having a wide range of hydrolysis resistance were examined. 

In a specific example of adhesive bonds between cold rolled steel and SMC adherends (Table II) an adhesive based on hydrolysis resistant epoxy chemistry (i.e., adhesive E) was compared with an adhesive based on hydrolysis prone urethane chemistry (i.e., adhesive C) in composite to cold rolled steel bonds. After corrosion testing, a significant difference in both retention of initial bond strength and locus of failure was observed. For bonds prepared with adhesive E, little if any reduction of the initial bond strength was observed after corrosion testing. The locus of failure for both the tested and untested bonds was largely in the... 

There is an apparent optimum relative humidity level required to achieve good adhesion and durability. Priming the steel adherends at 18% RH caused failure in the wedge samples within the steel (oxide) layer. Adherends primed at 34% RH failed within the alkoxide primer layer, whereas at 51% RH failure occurred primarily within the adhesive layer. This change in locus of failure with humidity was not evident using the wedge crack test when the adherends were primed with aluminum alkoxides. A peel-type test would probably be more sensitive in detecting these shifts in failure mode. 

Although the term was originated to describe the failure of organic coatings, it is clear that cathodic disbondment can lead to the accelerated failure of adhesive joints as well. The work of Davis and Watts illustrates this phenomenon for steel substrates bonded with an epoxy adhesive and shows how a combination of XPS and Secondary Ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) are able to provide a definitive picture of the locus of failure. Such a combined approach enables a detailed mechanism of failure to be postulated. 

The process can be used on regular existing steel tyre cords and would then improve the bonding of brass and would also bond the cut edges of cords, which are frequently the locus of crack initiation leading to belt edge separation. 

Surface pretreatment of stainless steel Joint strength (MPa) Locus of failure... 

Figure 12 shows the obtained yield points and their linear approximations for the internal friction, i.e., ftiction between sugar particles. The mean wall yield locus measured using the stainless steel wall element is presented in Fig. 13. The obtained parameters are Hsted in Table 3. The investigated material has a negligible cohesion and a high friction. The mean values of the measured friction coefficients between particles is /tp.p = 0.86 it 0.07. The obtained wall fnction coefficient is //p stt.ei = 0.482 0.021. The value of flow function at ffc = 34 shows that nearly spherical sugar pellets can be characterized as free flowing.

Figure 13 Wall friction yield locus of spherical sugar pellets with steel wall.

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