Volatile oxygenated

All-volatile treatment essentially consists of adding a volatile oxygen scavenger, such as hydrazine, diethylhydroxylamine (DEHA), car-... 

Because HQ has limited volatility at lower pressures, when acting as a catalyst with other more volatile oxygen scavengers, it will not always follow the primary scavenger around the boiler cycle system. This creates operational difficulties because scavenging reaction rates are slowed and, in lower pH condensate systems, the post-boiler oxygen scavenging reaction may cease entirely. 

However, DR, volatility, and some other factors are also important points to consider in the selection of volatile oxygen scavengers (VOSs). And to further complicate matters, at least one common VOS... 

Oxygen Sodium sulfite, Sodium sulfite, Sodium sulfite, Volatile oxygen Volatile oxygen Volatile oxygen... 

Some boilers demand the use of volatile oxygen scavengers (VOS) and neutralizing amines to maintain pH levels. The recommendations of the suppliers of VOS should be followed. 

Shimura, Y. Uchida, K. Sato, T. Taya, S. The Performance of New Volatile Oxygen Scavenger and Its Field Application in Boiler Systems. Kurita/NACE Corrosion 2000. NACE International, USA, April 2000. 

Chlorine-enhancement may offer a partial solution. The addition of the chlorinated olefin TCE, PCE, or TCP to air/contaminant mixtures has recently been demonstrated to increase quantum yields substantially [1, 2, 6]. We recently have extended this achievement [3], to demonstrate TCE-driven high quantmn efficiency conversions at a reference feed concentration of 50 mg contaminant/m air not only for toluene but also for other aromatics such as ethylbenzene and m-xylene, as well as the volatile oxygenates 2-butanone, acetaldehyde, butsraldehyde, 1-butanol, methyl acrylate, methyl-ter-butyl-ether (MTBE), 1,4 dioxane, and an alkane, hexane. Not 1 prospective contaminants respond positively to TCE addition a conventional, mutual competitive inhibition was observed for acetone, methanol, methylene chloride, chloroform, and 1,1,1 trichloroethane, and the benzene rate was altogether unaffected. 

One of the most sophisticated methods is the use of chiral gas chromatographic capillary columns for the direct separation of volatile enantiomers. Complexation gas chromatography with enantioselec-tive transition metal fl-ketoenolates permits the stereochemical analysis of volatile oxygenated compounds in the nanogram range with high 44,45... 

Leibrock, E., and J. Slemr, Method for Measurement of Volatile Oxygenated Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air, Atmos. Environ., 31, 3329-3339 (1997). 

Lastly, it is possible by distilling liquid air to separate the more volatile nitrogen from the less volatile oxygen and argon. 

In steam condensers, such as may be found on power stations, the reduced pressure may induce air ingress into the condenser. The oxygen present in the air may represent a corrosion agent. Filming amines may be necessary to control corrosion under these circumstances. Alternatively hydrazine or another volatile oxygen scavenger may be used for oxygen and pH control. 

Volatile oxygenated compounds are also formed when oil bums. These compounds are sometimes generally referred to as carbonyls or by their main constituents, aldehydes and ketones. Studies have shown that carbonyls from crude oil fires are at very low concentrations and are not a health concern even close to the fire. Carbonyls from diesel fires are slighdy higher but are still below health concern levels. 

Mekor . [Drew Ind. Div.] Volatile oxygen scavenger, metal passivator, corrosion inhibitor for boiler water treatment... 

Hydrazine (HflH and other volatile oxygen scavengers may be used for pH correction as well as for oxygen control. Its use is expensive and will be uneconomical for high concentrations of and CO2 in the equipment. 

Loss of volatile oxygen-rich or other polar species to the atmosphere. 

Volatile oxygen or other species escaping into the atmosphere... 

In polymers with inorganic principal molecular chains, carbon, which gives volatile oxygen-containing compoimds upon destruction, is not included in the main chain of the polymer molecule, but is included only among the groups framing the principal chain. 

ABSTRACT. This contribution, presented as an introduction to a Panel Discussion of the NATO-Asi meeting, highlights some of the most important subjects concerning gasoline formulation. It is by no means exhaustive, as it is intended to just briefly introduce a few key points of interest such as product quality and its impact on emissions (volatility, oxygenates), additives, need for processing changes and alternative fuels. 

Romaine, S. Effectiveness of a new volatile oxygen scavenger. Proceedings of the American Power Conference, Chicago, IL, April 1986 1066-1073. 

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