Vision systems, automated

The simplest type of vision system is one that senses only along a line. These one-dimensional sensors function best when used to simply detect the presence or absence of an object, and generally make no further attempt at interpretation. Typically, these are used in applications such as automated assembly line counters, where perhaps the number of bottles passing by a particular point needs to be monitored. The light passing from one side of a conveyer belt to a detector on the other side is occluded when a bottle passes by. This break in the light signal is then recorded electronically and another unit is added to the total count. 

The semiconductor industry has become the largest user of automated vision systems. A silicon wafer that will become hundreds of microchips starts as a finely machined disc about 7.9 in (200 mm) in diameter. Before the disc is split into individual chips, the wafer undergoes dozens of steps—some of which are indiscernible by the human eye. To ensure the wafer maintains that sequence, sorting systems using optical character recognition (OCR) identify each wafer, sort it in a clean room environment and report the results to a central network. 

In order to place fluid accurately and consistently within the desired tolerance, it is often necessary to use automated vision systems to align the parts to the dispensing robot. This can add flexibility to a system and reduce the complexity of hard tooling which requires pins or mechanical alignment devices. 

Tighter size and space tolerances frequently make an automated vision system necessary. 

Automated inspection equipment Coordination measuring machines (CMM), machine vision systems, etc. 

The setup function in automated inspection corresponds to configuring the system for the task. Several environmental factors affect the setup function. In a machine vision system, lighting factors such as illumination levels, type of illumination, reflectivity, and contrast affect performance. Most vision systems are quite sensitive to these variables. In many cases, the automated system has failed because... 

Because so much of test and inspection is now concerned with vision systems, whether human or automated, this section will use automated vision as an extended example through which to discuss issues of automation in general. A typical example has already been presented, that of rose grading, and will be used to illustrate concepts as they arise. 

Automated deburring of aeroengine components using a vision system-driven cutting tool (Jayaweera and Webb 2011)... 

K. Kuhnlenz, M. Bachmayer, M. Buss, A multi-focal high-petformance vision system (IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Orlando, Florida, USA, 2006), pp. 150-155... 

Virtual-Vision, Automated imaging/vision system, ASC Systems... 

Where is shown after the system investment, add 181,000 for an automated inspection system comprising an X-ray metal detection machine, and 3 machine vision units to verify closure in place and label and bar code are correct and in place. 

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