Visbroken feedstocks

In addition, thermally cracked residua will also contain two other fractions the carbenes and the carboids (Figure 6-6) These fractions are also defined by solubility and are precursors to coke (Speight, 1999). Both fractions are, by definition, insoluble in benzene (or toluene) but the carbenes are soluble in carbon disulfide (or pyridine) whereas the carboids are insoluble in carbon disulfide (or pyridine). Only traces of these materials occur in conventional petroleum and heavy oil. Any such quantities are not sufficient to alter the character of the asphaltenes if the benzene-treatment of the feedstock is omitted. On the other hand, feedstocks that have received some thermal treatment (such as visbroken feedstocks and cracked residua) may have considerable quantities of these materials present as they are also considered to be precursors to coke. 

Table 8-4). The process can be used to convert a wide range of feedstocks with high sulfur and heavy metals, including heavy oils, oil sand bitumen, residua, and visbroken residua. As a note of interest, the HSC process both employs continuous reactors where as the original Eureka process uses two batch reactors. 

Combined with hydrodesulfurization, the process is fully applicable to the feed preparation for fluid catalytic cracking and hydrocracking. The process is capable of using a variety of feedstocks including atmospheric and vacuum residues derived from various crude oils, oil sand, visbroken tar and so on. 

Recycled HDPE sourced from PET soda bottle basecups and postconsumer household cleaner rigid bottle was supplied by Wheaton Plastics, Polymer Resource Group, or the now defunct Plastics Recycling Alliance. The feedstock appeared consistent from supplier to supplier. The PP component is a mixture of MONTELL USA Inc. homopolymer and copolymer industrial off-grade materials. The mixture was peroxide visbroken to a consistent meet flow rate (MER) of 20 before compounding. 

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