Vinclozolin

Environmental antiandrogens Vinclozolin Procymidone Kraft mill effluent... 

Vinclozolin sum of vinclozolin and all metabolites containing 3,5-dichloroaniline moeity, expressed as vinclozolin... 

Fig. 1 Reflectance scan of a chromatogram track with 1 pg each per chromatogram zone 1 = iprodione, 2 = procymidon, 3 = vinclozolin.

The effects of EDCs on behavior in fish have been more extensively studied than in birds. Examples of the effects of EDCs seen in fish include profound alterations in courtship behavior in male guppies (Poecilia reticulate) exposed to vinclozolin and DDE, including at environmentally relevant concentrations (Baatrup and Junge 2001) and altered courtship behavior in three-spined stickleback exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2 (Bell 2001). In the stickleback studies, exposed males became less aggressive and had a reduced nesting activity, and this was linked with reduced concentrations of the male sex androgen 11-ketotestosterone. Recently,... 

Buckley, 1., Willingham, E., Agras, K., and Baskin, L. (2006). Embryonic exposure to the fungicide vinclozolin causes virUization of females and alteration of progesterone receptor expression in vivo an experimental study in mice. Environmental Health A Global Access Science Source 5,4. 

Gray, L.E., Ostby, J.S., and Kelce, W.R. (1994). Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen—the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 129,46-52. 

Kelce, W.R., Monosson, E., and Gamcsik, M.P. et al. (1994). Environmental hormone disrupters—evidence that Vinclozolin developmental toxicity is mediated by antiandrogenic metabolites. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 126, 276-285. 

Yamasaki, K., Sawaki, M., and Ohta, R. et al. (2003). OECD validation of the Hershberger assay in Japan Phase 2 dose response of methyltestosterone, vinclozolin, and p,p -DDE. Environmental Health Perspectives 111, 1912-1919. 

The degradation of Iprodione and Vinclozolin similarly becomes more rapid as a result of prior additions of these fungicides to soil. 

Acetamido-4-amino-6-chloro-s-triazine, see Atrazine Acetanilide, see Aniline, Chlorobenzene, Vinclozolin Acetic acid, see Acenaphthene, Acetaldehyde, Acetic anhydride. Acetone, Acetonitrile, Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Aldicarb. Amyl acetate, sec-Amyl acetate, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Butyl acetate, sec-Butyl acetate, ferf-Butyl acetate, 2-Chlorophenol, Diazinon. 2,4-Dimethylphenol, 2,4-Dinitrophenol, 2,4-Dinitrotoluene, 1,4-Dioxane, 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine, Esfenvalerate. Ethyl acetate, Flucvthrinate. Formic acid, sec-Hexyl acetate. Isopropyl acetate, Isoamyl acetate. Isobutyl acetate, Methanol. Methyl acetate. 2-Methvl-2-butene. Methyl ferf-butvl ether. Methyl cellosolve acetate. 2-Methvlphenol. Methomvl. 4-Nitrophenol, Pentachlorophenol, Phenol. Propyl acetate. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Vinyl acetate. Vinyl chloride Acetoacetic acid, see Mevinphos Acetone, see Acrolein. Acrylonitrile. Atrazine. Butane. 

Dichlorophenox3q)henol. see TCDD 4 (2,4 Dichlorophenoxy)phenol. see Diclofop-methvl (2,4 Dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, see 2,4-D 2((((3,5-Dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl)oxy)2-methyl)-3-butenoic acid, see Vinclozolin Dichlorophenyl cyanide, see 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene... 

CASRN 50471-44-8 molecular formula C12H9CI2NO3 FW 286.11 Biological Golovleva et al. (1991) studied the aerobic biodegradation of vinclozolin in the laboratory and under field conditions using enrichment cultures. Four of the 36 microbial strains isolated were the most active. These were Bacillus cereus 625/1, Bacillus brevis 625/2, Pseudomonas Huorescens 10/3, and 8/28. Under aerobic conditions. Bacillus cereus 625/1 and Pseudomonas Huorescens 8/28 utilized 87-90% vinclozolin as the sole carbon and energy source. Degradation products identified were 2((((3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl)oxy)2-methyl)-3-bute-... 

Reagents, (a) Pesticide standards of acephate, bromopropylate, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorothalonil, diazinon, dichlorvos, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulfate, lindane, methamidophos, phosalone, procymidone, pyrazophos, triazophos, and vinclozoline (purity >98%) were supplied by Riedel de Haen (Seelze, Germany). For each pesticide, a stock standard solution (about 500 mg/L) was prepared in acetone. Spiking standard solution, containing 50 mg/L of each pesticide, was prepared in acetone from the stock standard solutions. 

Dicarboximides. Dichlozoline was the first reported dicarbox-imide and demonstrated potentially useful activity against Sclerotinia and Botrytis. This compound is no longer available but several related compounds have been launched, including iprodione, vinclozolin, pro-cymidone and chlozolinate (Figure 4.30). 

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