Pesticide standard

To analyze pesticides from the sample, several GC techniques were used GC with FID and EC detectors and GC/MS with external standards. Pesticides are mostly analyzed using split/splitless technique where higher amount of injected solution exits the gas chromatograph without decomposing therefore by quantification of the several pesticides in the filter, we found out how harmful is exposing analysts to pesticide compounds during the GC analysis. 

ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). (1988). Standard guide for conducting 10-day static sediment toxicity tests with marine and estuarine amphipods. In Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Pesticides, Resource Recovery, Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Responses, Waste Disposal, Biological Effects, 11.04, ASTM E 1367. Ed. by ASTM, Philadelphia, USA, pp. 732-757. 

The second group consists of algorithms associated with the pesticide concentration quantification. In this case, the initial data is the processed sensor response for an unknown pesticide concentration and the parameters of the calibration curve (which is derived from preliminary experimental calibration measurements for a range of standard pesticide concentrations) or alternatively, a set of sensor responses obtained by addition of known amounts of pesticide to the analysed sample. This group of algorithms allows the automation of the pesticide quantification, thereby enabling the use of the instrumentation by unskilled personal. This removes the sensing platform from specialised laboratories to the realm of the end-users. 

Due to the phenomenon of pesticide resistance, the search for novel fungicides and insecticides continues. While the standard pesticides pyri-methanil 104 and cyprodinil 105 are still in use against Botrytis, boscalid 106, fludioxonil 107, and azoxystrobin 108 are new principles for fighting pests ... 

The area of the spot may be traced on graph paper, and the squares on the paper counted and compared with those of known amounts of a standard pesticide. This method gives slightly better results than 1., but lacks accuracy. 

Bohmont, B. L., The Standard Pesticide User s Guide, 4th. ed., Prentice Hall, NJ, 1997. 

ISO Standard Pesticides and Other Agrochemicals. Principles for the Selection of Common Names (ISO/DIS 257, 1988). International Organization for Standardization Geneva, 1988. 

FOOD STANDARDS, PESTICIDE TOLERANCES, ADDITIVES, AND IMPURITIES ... 

Results of the mutagenicity screening of pesticides by means of the rec-assay and the reversion assaysare as follows 223 standard pesticides (Table 5) have been tested by the rec-assay, and 23 positive samples were detected in a very short period. When these samples are tested by the reversion assays with Salmonella TA1535, TA1536, TA1537, and TA1538, and E. coli... 

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