Three-spined stickleback

The effects of EDCs on behavior in fish have been more extensively studied than in birds. Examples of the effects of EDCs seen in fish include profound alterations in courtship behavior in male guppies (Poecilia reticulate) exposed to vinclozolin and DDE, including at environmentally relevant concentrations (Baatrup and Junge 2001) and altered courtship behavior in three-spined stickleback exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2 (Bell 2001). In the stickleback studies, exposed males became less aggressive and had a reduced nesting activity, and this was linked with reduced concentrations of the male sex androgen 11-ketotestosterone. Recently,... 

Bell, A.M. (2001). Effects of an endocrine disrupter on courtship and aggressive behaviour of male three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Animal Behaviour 62, 775-780. 

Katsiadaki, I., Morris, S., and Squires, C. et al. (2006). Use of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) as a sensitive in vivo test for detection of environmental antiandrogens. Environmental Health Perspectives 114, 115-121. 

Sebire, M., Holtorf, K., and Sanders, M. et al. (2008). Fenitrothion acts as anti-androgen and disrupts the reproductive behaviour of the three-spined stickleback. Ecotoxicology (accepted). 

Brown G. and Godin J. (1997). Anti-predator responses to conspecific and heterospecific skin extracts by Three-spined Sticklebacks alarm pheromones revisited. Behaviour 134, 1123-1134. 

Pascoe, D. and D.L. Mattey. 1977. Studies on the toxicity of cadmium to the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Jour. Fish Biol. 11 207-215. 

Three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Gulf of Gdansk, whole, 1988-89 Lahontan Reservoir, Nevada, 1981 0.01-0.11 FW, Max. 0.49 FW 62... 

Three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus 0.1 or 1.0 After exposure in seawater for 7.5 months, hepatocytes were abnormal in the high dose group reproduction normal in both groups 45... 

Nickel-zinc mixtures were additive in toxicity to marine copepods (Verriopoulos and Dimas 1988) and to the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus Skidmore 1964). 

Deneer, J.W. 1994. Bioconcentration of chlorpyrifos by the three-spined stickleback under laboratory and field conditions. Chemosphere 29 1561-1575. 

Fig. 8.15. Monthly variation in the ovarian content of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, parasitised with the progenetic plerocercoids of Schistocephalus solidus. (After Meakins, 1974.)...

Giles, N. (1983). Behavioural effects of the parasite Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda) on an intermediate host, the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Animal Behaviour, 31 1192-4. 

McPhail, J. D. Peacock, S. D. (1983). Some effects of the cestode Schistocephalus solidus) on reproduction in the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 61 901-8. 

Meakins, R. H. (1974). A quantitative approach to the effects of the plerocercoid of Schistocephalus solidus Muller 1776 on the ovarian maturation of the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 44 73-9. 

Minnow (Pimephales promelas). The three-spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is included because an embryo test has been recently developed (Eriksson 2007) and because this species is receiving increasing attention as a test species representative for European coastal and inland waters. 

Eriksson K. (2007) Method development Embryo testing with the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Diploma work at the Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. 

Vanbavel B, Andersson P, Wingfors H, Ahgren J, Bergqvist PA, et al. Multivariate modeling of PCB bioaccumulation in three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Environ Toxicol Chem 1996 15 947-54. 

A Swedish study compared the toxicity of Clark I, Clark II, Adamsite, and Lewisite with that of inorganic arsenic (AS2O5) using an in vitro model (human leucozytes) and an in vivo model (dietary exposed juvenile three-spined sticklebacks). They concluded that the examined four warfare agents exert a toxicity more potent than arsenic itself (Henriksson et al., 1996). 

Three-spined stickleback Wild animal Nodularin 0.0028-0.07 DW Sipia et al., 2006... 

Sipia, V.O., Kankaanpaa, H., Peltonen, H., Vinni, M. and Meriluoto, J. Transfer of nodularin to three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L.), herring Clupea harengus L.), and salmon Salmo salar L.) in the Baltic Sea, Ecotox. Environ. Safe, 66(3), 421, 2006. 

Ohguchi, 0., 1981, Prey density and selection against oddity by three-spined sticklebacks, Z. Tierpsychol. Suppl., 23 1-79. 

Leatherland, J. F., 1970, Histological investigation of pituitary homotransplants in the marine form Trachurus of the three-spine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., Z. Zellforsch., 104 337. 

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