Vegetation climate, effect

Isotopic variation in European human remains is caused by a combination of environmental, biological and cultural factors. For carbon, the main influence is the dominance of C3 photosynthesis in all vegetation types. The factors that can cause deviations from this general trend are the climatic effect,... 

Hauser, V.L. and Shaw, M. A., Climate effects on water movement through soil vegetative landfill covers, Seventeenth International Madison Waste Conference, Department of Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 1994. 

Climate affects (1) the array of plant species, (2) the quantity of plant material produced, and (3) the intensity of soil microbial activity. Vegetation and topographic effects are difficult to separate from climatic effects. Rather, all of the factors become integrated as a soil forms and account for the generalization that forest and grassland soils usually exceed other well-aerated soils in humus content, whereas desert and semidesert soils have very little SOM. 

Predicting the effect of the terrestrial vegetation response to C02-induced climate change for a particular site involves explicit treatment of feedbacks. These are diagramed in Figure 3. The balance between decomposition + autotrophic respiration and gross primary production (GPP) determines the net storage and release of carbon to atmosphere. Climate meets each of these... 

On a larger scale, landscape development reflects those mechanisms that expose bedrock, weather it, and transport the weathering products away. Present and past tectonism, geology, climate, soils, and vegetation are all important to landscape evolution. These factors often operate in tandem to produce characteristic landforms that presumably integrate the effects of both episodic and continuous processes over considerable periods of time. 

The soil and plants employed on the cover are critical to success. A mixture of grasses native to the area is preferred to provide effective water removal from the cover in all years in spite of temporary changes in local conditions. Native grasses have already proven their ability to withstand local climate variations, insects, plant disease, periodic fire, and other factors. A mixture of native grasses assures an active vegetative cover during years when insects, plant disease, or other factors reduce the vigor of one or more species.11-38... 

This chapter describes the main physical characteristics of the Ebro River, including the watershed orography, the biogeography and vegetation, the climatic and hydrological characteristics, and the soil type and biogeochemistry of river Ebro waters. The Ebro watershed has historically served as nucleus and connection for humans human settlements are known since pre-historic years and nowadays the river water chemistry cannot be understood without the anthropogenic effects. Therefore, the potential effects of human activities at the Ebro watershed are analyzed. 

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