Vat dyestuffs

Complexes of DMAC and many inorganic haHdes have been reported (20). These complexes are of iaterest because they catalyze a number of organic reactions. Complexes of DMAC and such heavy metal salts as NiBr2 exert a greater catalytic activity than the simple salts (21). The crystalline complex of SO and dimethylacetamide has been suggested for moderating the reaction conditions ia sulfation of leuco vat dyestuffs (22). 

Reaction XX. (a) Action of Metallic Zinc on a Mixture of an Aromatic Hydrocarbon and a Derivative of Phthalyl Chloride.—This is a method of synthesising anthraquinone and its derivatives, and hence a method of elucidating their structure, and also the structure of anthracene. Otherwise the method is not of importance, but it may be in the future, since anthraquinone is in great and increasing demand for the production of vat-dyestuffs, such as indanthrene phthalyl chloride can... 

A. G. Green and G. H. Frank The reactions of the Vat Dyestuffs upon Cotton Fibre, Journ. Soc. Dyers and Colourists, 1910, XXVI, p. 3. 

One of the characteristic properties of BBB, BBL, and many other similar heterocyclic polymers is their limited solubility. As far as is now known, BBB is soluble only in strong acids such as concentrated sulfuric, benzenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, and concentrated phosphoric acid and in certain aqueous reagents discussed below, in which a chemical reaction modifies the polymer. The vat dyestuffs below ... 

The similarity of BBB and BBL to the vat dyestuffs suggests some alternate methods of forming solutions of these polymers by chemical modifications already well studied on the dyes. Both polymers can be... 

These pigments may be defined as those that will meet the exacting demands of today s environment with respect particularly to the outdoor exposure requirements demanded by climates such as those that occur in Florida and Arizona for as little as two and as long as five years. The high-performance reds considered fall into four basic classes quinacridone reds and violets, vat dyestuff reds such as perylenes, benzimidazolone reds, and disazo condensation reds. 

Vat dyestuff selection some vat dyestuffs are called fibre protectors, others are fibre damagers. The fibre protectors mostly contain nitrogen atoms in their chromophores. These vat dyestuffs have good light fasmess and compensate for the influence of the damagers. The latter and/or their light decomposition products catalyse the fibre damage by photolysis. 

A complete range of HLB s are covered by BURCO C3F, giving it superior scouring power as well as good leveling properties for direct, fibre reactive and vat dyestuffs on cellulosic fibres. 

Use Solvent, organic synthesis, military poison, vat dyestuffs. 

Ilclindon [BASF]. TM for vat dyestuffs used for dyeing wool. 

At the end of 1932, Arthur Ltittringhaus for a short time received the post of leader of the Central Research Laboratory. He was a vat dyestuff specialist and also the director of the alizarin laboratory in Ludwigshafen. After the retirement of Ltittringhaus in January 1934, Max Kunz and Fritz Gtinther, who specialized in dyestuffs and detergents respectively, led the laboratory until Walter Reppe took over in 1938. The focal point of research at the Central Research Laboratory changed to more technical problems in the fields of dyestuffs, polymers, and organic intermediates. 

Blue needles with motallic lustre, Decomp. at 470-500°. Greenish-blue cIndanthrene Blue) being the first one to be made commercially. 

Wetting agent in cotton and rayon processing, penetrant in reduced vat pad and dye liquors pasting agent for direct, sulfur, and vat dyestuffs. 

Cain and Thorpe, Synthetic Dyestuffs, 37-38 Furnas, Rogers Industrial Chemistry (1942), 2 1155-56. The name vat-dyestuffs has been given to those dyestuffs which are insoluble in water, but give soluble products on reduction, which may be coloured or otherwise, and which have a distinct affinity for textile fibres. For dyeing it is sufficient to... 

Uses Dispersant for dyeing cellulosic fibers with vat dyestuffs proteefive colloid for wool dyeing with 1 2 metal complex dyestuffs leveling agent with add and chrome mordant dyestuffs also suifable for polyamide and cotton dyeing Features Stable to add, alkali, and salts Properties Bm. powd. sol. in water (any hardness)... 

Uses Dispersant for aq. liq. and powd. disps., Incl. vat dyestuff liq. or powd. disps., carbon bik. disps., agric. chems. 

Uses Dispersant and protective colloid for use with direct, sulfor, and vat dyestuffs ... 

---