Variceal bleeding somatostatin

Dizziness occurred in 7.4% of 68 patients randomized to somatostatin and 8.2% of 73 randomized to octreotide, both by rapid infusion, to control variceal bleeding, in which the effectiveness of somatostatin and its analogues is probably via a transient reduction in heart rate and cardiac output (13). 

In a meta-analysis of trials for variceal bleeding, hyperglycemia occurred in 41 of 310 patients who received somatostatin, octreotide, or vapreotide, compared with 26 of 318 patients who received placebo (19). 

Hadengue A. Somatostatin or octreotide in acute variceal bleeding. Digestion 1999 60(Suppl 2) 31—41. 

Zhang HB, Wong BC, Zhou XM, Guo XG, Zhao SJ, Wang JH, Wu KC, Ding J, Lam SK, Fan DM. Effects of somatostatin, octreotide and pitressin plus nitroglycerine on systemic and portal haemodynamics in the control of acute variceal bleeding. Int J Clin Pract 2002 56(6) 447-51. 

Avgerinos, A., Nevens, S., Raptis, S., Fevery, J. Early administration of somatostatin and efficacy of sclerotherapy in acute oesophageal variceal bleeds the European acute bleeding oesophageal variceal episodes (ABOVE) randomized trial. Lancet 1997 350 1495-1499... 

Burroughs, A.K., McCormick, P.A., Hughes, M.D., Sprengers, D., D Heygere, F., McIntyre, N. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-con-trolled trial of somatostatin for variceal bleeding. Emergency control... 

Burroughs AK, McCormick PA, Hughes MD, et al. Randomized, double-bUnd, placebo-controlled trial of somatostatin for variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology 1990 99 1388-1395. 

Vasoactive drug therapy (somatostatin, octreotide, or terlipressin) to stop or slow bleeding is routinely employed early in patient management to allow stabilization of the patient and to permit endoscopy to proceed under more favorable conditions. These agents decrease splanchnic blood flow and reduce portal and variceal pressures, without significant adverse effects. 

Octreotide Sandostatin) is a synthetic somatostatin analogue. It is used in a variety of situations and must be given subcutaneously or intravenously. Most commonly, it is used as a continuous intravenous infusion in patients hospitalized with bleeding varices, because it de-... 

Octreotide Somatostatin analog mechanism not certain May alter portal blood flow and variceal pressures Patients with bleeding varices or at high risk of repeat bleeding Reduced endocrine and exocrine pancreatic activity other endocrine abnormalities GI upset... 

Avgerinos A. Approach to the management of bleeding esophageal varices role of somatostatin. Digestion 1998 59(Suppl l) l-22. 

Jaramillo, J.L., de la Mata, M., Mino, G., Costan, G., Gomez-Cama-cho, F. Somatostatin versus Sengstaken balloon tamponade for primary haemostasia of bleeding esophageal varices. J. Hepatol. 1991 12 100-105... 

S., Makin, C.A., Gilmore, I., Morris, AJ., Ashby, D., West, C.R. A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of somatostatin with injection sclerotherapy in the control of bleeding oesophageal varices. J. Hepatol. 1992 16 128-137... 

Walker, S., Kreichgauer, H.-R, Bode, J.C. Terlipressin (Glypressin) versus somatostatin in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. -Final report of a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Z. Gastroenterol. 1996 34 692-698... 

Gotzsche PC, Gjorup I, Bonnen H, et al. Somatostatin vs placebo in bleeding oesophageal varices Randomized trial and meta-analysis. BMJ 1995 310 1495-1498. 

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