Vapor-liquid separators Centrifugal

FIG URE 3.2-9 Commercial in-line centrifugal vapor-liquid separator. Connesy of the Centrifix Coip. 

FIGURE 3.2-10 Centrifugal vapor-liquid separator inside an evaporator. Courtesy of the Centrifix Corp,... 

This part, on applications, covers the following unit operations 8. Evaporation 9. Drying of Process Materials 10. Stage and Continuous Gas-Liquid Separation Processes (humidification, absorption) 11. Vapor-Liquid Separation Processes (distillation) 12. Liquid—Liquid and Fluid-Solid Separation Processes (adsorption, ion exchange, extraction, leaching, crystallization) 13. Membrane Separation Processes (dialysis, gas separation, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration) 14. Mechanical-Physical Separation Processes (filtration, settling, centrifugal separation, mechanical size reduction). 

Entrainment, 6-7, 314, 407-411, 414 distillation trays, 6-7 vapor-liquid separation, 407-411 demisters, 409-411 centrifugal separators, 411... 

Inlet nozzle submersion (vapor-liquid separation), 407 Inspection (centrifugal pumps), 248-249... 

The reaction products are withdrawn at the top by overflow and sent to a centrifuge. to remove the catalyst system and recycle it directly. They are then sent to gas,/liquid separators. The fraction in-vapor form is first rid of the butadiene it contains by absorption in acetic arid. This is then recovered by water scrubbing, while, in a final separation, by fractionation, the extract from the previous column and the light-ends from the subsequent separation of acetic arid by distillation are rid of the water they contain. This water, recovered in the distillate, is sent to acetic arid absorption, while the arid withdrawn is recycled. 

Some mixtures can be separated by fQtration or vaporized to separate the different components. In Figure 2.7a, the yellow barium compound is trapped by the filter paper, but the solution passes through. If the solid in a hquid-solid mixture settles to the bottom of the container, the liquid can be carefully poured off (decanted). A centrifuge (Figure 2.7b) can be used to separate some sohd-hquid mixtures, such as those in blood. Another technique, called paper chromatography, can be used to separate mixtures of dyes or pigments because the different substances move at different rates on the paper (Figure 2.7c). 

In Section 6.3.1, we cover external forces, specifically gravitational, electrical and centrifugal forces inertial force is also included here. In Section 6.3.2, chemical potential gradient driven equilibrium separation processes involving vapor-liquid, liquid-liquid, solid-melt and solid-vapor systems are considered the processes are flash vaporization, flash devolatilization, batch distillation, liquid-liquid extraction, zone melting, normal freezing and drying. Section 6.3.3 illustrates a number of membrane separation processes in the so-called dead-end filtration mode achieved when the feed bulk flow is parallel to the... 

These operations may sometimes be better kno Ti as mist entrainment, decantation, dust collection, filtration, centrifugation, sedimentation, screening, classification, scrubbing, etc. They often involve handling relatively large quantities of one phase in order to collect or separate the other. Therefore the size of the equipment may become very large. For the sake of space and cost it is important that the equipment be specified and rated to Operate as efficiently as possible [9]. This subject will be limited here to the removal or separation of liquid or solid particles from a vapor or gas carrier stream (1. and 3. above) or separation of solid particles from a liquid (item 4j. Reference [56] is a helpful review. 

As it exits from the tubes, the liquid and vapor mixture travels into a centrifugal-type vapor separator, and the liquid then flows down the suction line to a heavy-duty pump. 

Fig. 16c. Liquid-vapor separator via centrifugal flow (courtesy of Wright Austin Co.)...

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