Utensil

It is extensively used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications where a strong, light, easily constructed material is needed. 

Tetrafluoroethene F2C = CF2 (-CF2-CF2-) (Teflon) Nonstick coating for cooking utensils bearings gaskets and fittings... 

Corning 9608 P-spodumene soHd solution, Li,0-Al2 03-(Si0J j low expansion, high chemical durabiHty cooking utensils... 

Ultem polyetherknides have appHcations in areas where high strength, dimensional stabiUty, creep resistance, and chemical stabiUty at elevated temperatures are important. Uses include electrical coimectors, wave guides and printed ckcuit boards for electronic equipment, food appHcations (microwaveable containers, utensils, and films), akcraft interior materials, and stetilizable medical equipment. 

There are a vast number of quaternary ammonium compounds or quaternaries (1). Many are naturally occurring and have been found to be cmcial in biochemical reactions necessary for sustaining life. A wide range of quaternaries are also produced synthetically and are commercially available. Over 204,000 metric tons of quaternary ammonium compounds are produced aimuaHy in the United States (2). These have many diverse appHcations. Most are eventually formulated and make their way to the marketplace to be sold in consumer products. AppHcations range from cosmetics (qv) to hair preparations (qv) to clothes softeners, sanitizers for eating utensils, and asphalt emulsions. 

The most widely used austenitic stainless steel is Type 304, known as 18—8. It has excellent corrosion resistance and, because of its austenitic stmcture, excellent ductihty. It may be deep-drawn or stretch formed. It can be readily welded, but carbide precipitation must be avoided in and near the weld by cooling rapidly enough after welding. Where carbide precipitation presents problems. Types 321, 347, or 304L may be used. The appHcations of Types 304 are wide and varied, including kitchen equipment and utensils, dairy installations, transportation equipment, and oil-, chemical-, paper- (qv), and food-processing (qv) machinery. 

Sanitization is a cleaning procedure that reduces microbial contaminants on certain surfaces to safe or relatively safe levels, as defined by the EPA or pubHc health authorities. The article is usually cleaned with hot water and various germicidal detergents. Sanitization can be safe for a product in contact with intact skin or for food utensils, but it is not considered safe for articles to be inserted in the human body. Effective sanitization is a requirement in the processing of reusable medical suppHes before packaging and sterilization. It is also a requirement in the maintenance of utensils and containers used for food preparation. 

The principal application of melamine-formaldehyde moulding compositions is for the manufacture of tableware, largely because of their wide colour range, surface hardness and stain resistance. The stain resistance does, however, leave something to be desired and one aim of current research is to discover alternative materials superior in this respect. Cellulose-filled compositions also find a small outlet for trays, clock cases and radio cabinets and other purposes. The mineral-filled powders are used in electrical applications and knobs and handles for kitchen utensils. 

Aminos. There are two basic types of amino plastics - urea formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde. They are hard, rigid materials with good abrasion resistance and their mechanical characteristics are sufficiently good for continuous use at moderate temperatures (up to 100°C). Urea formaldehyde is relatively inexpensive but moisture absorption can result in poor dimensional stability. It is generally used for bottle caps, electrical switches, plugs, utensil handles and trays. Melamine formaldehyde has lower water absorption and improved temperature and chemical resistance. It is typically used for tableware, laminated worktops and electrical fittings. 

Series Mn alloys ( 1.2%) moderate strength, trigh workatrility. Used for cooking utensils, heat... 

M = Al, Ga, In, Tl). The solution chemistry of Al in particular has been extensively investigated because of its industrial importance in water treatment plants, its use in many toiletry formulations, its possible implication in both Altzheimer s disease and the deleterious effects of acid rain, and the ubiquity of Al cooking utensils.For example, hydrated aluminium sulphate (10-30 gm ) can be added to turbid water supplies at pH 6.5-7.5 to flocculate the colloids, some 3 million tonnes per annum being used worldwide for this application alone. Likewise kilotonne amounts of A1(OH)2.5C1o.5 in concentrated (6m) aqueous solution are used in the manufacture of deodorants and antiperspirants. 

Eisen, n. iron (in certain cases) steel iron (or steel) instrument or utensil horseshoe. 

Geriit, n. apparatus, instrument, implement, device, tool, utensil. — Gerate, n.pl. ap-... 

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