User-friendly

SPINUS integrates all these procedures into a user-friendly interface that can be... 

Software programs are usually written in a more user-friendly high-level language such as Fortran, Pascal, or C, which facilitates the tedious and labor-intensive task of writing a computer program. 

One of the more obvious changes from the second edition which Modern Spectroscopy has undergone concerns the page size. The consequent new format of the pages is much less crowded and more user friendly. 

The advantages of homogenous immunoassays are simple formats and rapid data output producing user-friendly and cost-effective products. Technical challenges to consider, however, are the necessity to remove or minimize background interference from the reagents and nonspecific binding reactions. 

The three basic Internet appHcations of remote login, electronic mad, and file transfer are also budding blocks of more sophisticated appHcations that offer increased functionaUty and ease of network use. Tools such as Gopher, Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS), and World Wide Web (WWW) go beyond the three basic Internet functions to make information on the network easier to locate and use. Detaded descriptions of these tools are avadable (10). This trend toward more powerful, user-friendly networked information resource access systems should continue as Internet grows and matures. 

The development of computer capabiUties in hardware and software, related instmmentation and control, and telecommunication technology represent an opportunity for improvement in safety (see COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY). Plant operators can be provided with a variety of user-friendly diagnostic aids to assist in plant operations and incipient failure detection. Communications can be more rapid and dependable. The safety control systems can be made even more rehable and maintenance-free. Moreover, passive safety features to provide emergency cooling for both the reactor system and the containment building are being developed. 

The development of fiber optics technology, user-friendly displays, and enhanced data presentation capabihties have made on-line analysis acceptable within the plant manufactuting environment. However, it is apparent that a barrier stiU exists to some extent within many organizations between the process control engineers, the plant operations department, and the analytical function, and proper sampling is stiU the key to successful process analytical chemistry. The ultimate goal is not to handle the sample at ah. 

Any program developed in-house must be easy to use, or user-friendly. If the program has various options for input, analysis, computation, and output, then it must provide the user with a fast way to select them. To meet this need, the system is likely to be menu-driven. The peripheral interactive devices such as mice, joysticks, light pens, graphic tablets, and templates are helpful and often used to expedite the selection process. 

Over time, the market has demanded increasingly sophisticated software. Each successive enhancement in processor speed has been consumed by software that is more complex, even if only in creating a more user-friendly interface. In the past, computer time was expensive relative to labor costs. That situation is now reversed, and spending more for a more user-friendly computer can often be easily justified in order to enhance the productivity of the vasdy more expensive human being. 

The Digital VAX rose to prominence as a departmental minicomputer and became a virtual standard in the world of chemistry. The VAX offered a user-friendly flexible environment, together with what was then considered good computational throughput. Much computational chemistry methodology was developed on the VAX. 

The most successful and user-friendly approach, which is now adopted by virtually all commercial systems, is the fill-in-the-forms or table-driven process control languages (PCLs). The core of these languages is a number of basic functional blocks or software modules. AU modules are defined as database points. Using a module is analogous to calhng a subroutine in conventional programs. 

Inherently Safer and More User-Friendly Design. 26-5... 

Inherently Safer Design Rather than add on equipment to control hazards or to protect people from their consequences, it is better to design user-friendly plants which can withstand human error and equipment failure without serious effects on safety, the environment, output, and efficiency. This part is concerned with this matter. 

INHERENTLY SAFER AND MORE USER-FRIENDLY DESIGN... 

For many years the usual procedure in plant design was to identify the hazards, by one of the systematic techniques described later or by waiting until an accident occurred, and then add on protec tive equipment to control future accidents or protect people from their consequences. This protective equipment is often complex and expensive and requires regular testing and maintenance. It often interferes with the smooth operation of the plant and is sometimes bypassed. Gradually the industry came to resize that, whenever possible, one should design user-friendly plants which can withstand human error and equipment failure without serious effects on safety (and output and emciency). When we handle flammable, explosive, toxic, or corrosive materials we can tolerate only very low failure rates, of people and equipment—rates which it may be impossible or impracticable to achieve consistently for long periods of time. 

The principle ways of designing inherently safer plants and other ways or makiug plants user-friendly are summarized as follows, with examples (Kletz, Plant De.sign for Safety—A U.ser-Friendly Approach, Hemisphere, 1991). 

The following actions are needed for the design of inherently safer and more user-friendly plants-. 

This is essential to improve the product by upgrading the quality or modifying its design or other parameters that may make it more acceptable and competitive in the market. This is possible by creating a user-friendly approach to obtain reactions to the product s performance. 

Swiss-Pdb Viewer An application that provides a user-friendly interface... 

Figure 4-91. User-friendly information display panel.

There are so many gas treating processes that one hardly knows where to begin. That makes selection of a process for a given situation difficult. Economics will ultimately decide, but some initial rough screening is required to eliminate inordinate study. I have attempted to condense the mass of information in the literature into some brief, user-friendly guidelines for the rough cut. 

User friendly and requires a minimal amount of user training ... 

Department of Energy Offiee of Environment Safety and Elealth Offiee of Environmental Management, Handbook for Occupational Health and Safety During Hazardous Waste Activities. The text from the publie domain doeuments has been eondensed and has been eoupled with real-life examples that will help to make this book a user-friendly referenee. 

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