US Patent and Trademark Office

Most of the equivalent patents are incorporated in the discussion, to give a sense of the international coverage to the reader. A summary of the main claim is included as a definition of the property subject matter. As could be seen the property subject matter of a World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) patent generally, is identical to one of the corresponding US patent (from the US Patent and Trademark Office, USPTO). However, in some instances a WIPO patent has more than one US equivalent patent. The equivalence between WIPO and US patents will be discussed for each particular case wherever relevant. 

In the USA, purity alone often facilitates patenting of a product of nature (Table 4.1). The US Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) recognizes purity as a change in form of the natural material. For example, although vitamin B12 was a known product of nature for many years, it was only available in the form of a crude liver extract, which was of no use therapeutically. Development of a suitable... 

Stewart CA, Lawrence, BM (1988) Rdm88. Effects of Levulinic Acid, Tobacco Essence and Nicotine Salts on Smoke Ph. 08 Aug 1988. R.J. Reynolds. Bates 507862872-507862880. http //tobaccodocuments.org/ijr/507862872-2880.html Swain JW, Crayton FH (1981) US patent 4,286,606. US Patent and Trademark Office, Washington, DC... 

Server (www.patent.womplex.ibm.com) which gives access to over 26 years of US patent specifications the UK Patent Office (www.patent.gov.nk) the US Patent and Trademark Office (www.uspto.gov) and Biotechnology and US patents (www.nal.usda.gov/bic/Biotech-Patents). 

There has never been a doubt that the US Patent and Trademark office consisting of a db of well over 7,500,000 records is one of the lesser utilized scientific resources. It is in this domain that the most commercially viable chemical/scientific inventions are described. In purely academic circles this db is shunned. 

The legal community of internal legal counsel, third-party firms and the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is increasing its involvement in the issue. As the scientific community reacts to the availability of electronic laboratory notebook solutions, the pressure on internal counsel to form an opinion increases. Sometimes, the reaction of internal counsel is to seek external advice as well as look to the US PTO for possible rulings. ... 

Hobson, S.T., Braue, E.H., Lehnert, E.K. (2002a). Active topical skin protectants using combinations of reactive nanoparticles and polyoxometalates or metal salts. U.S. Patent No. 6,410,603, US Patent and Trademark Office, Washington, DC. 

Sarfaraz K. Niazi is the Chief Executive Officer of Pharmaceutical Scientist, Inc., Deerfield, Illinois, and is a consultant to the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industry worldwide. The author of more than fifteen major texts in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and over 100 research articles. Dr. Niazi received the M.S. degree in biopharmaceutics in 1971 from Washington State University, Pullman, Washington in 1971 and the Ph.D. degree in pharmacokinetics in 1974 from the University of Illinois, Chicago. He is also licensed to practice before the US patent and Trademark Office and owns several US patents for his inventions. 

The US Patent and Trademark Office web patent database (http //www.uspto.gov/patft/) provides access to both the US Patent Bibliographic database, which includes bibliographic data from 1976 to the present and the AIDS Patent database, which includes the full text and images of AIDS-related patents issued by the US, European and... 

There are various general sites for patents, such as that from the US Patent and Trademarks Office about patents and patenting procedures (http //www.uspto.gov/web/ offices/pac/doc/general/). Another site is http //users. pandora.be/synthesis/wpatent.html, which contains general information on patents and a list of useful hypertext references. Various other useful bits of information about patent terms and procedures in other countries are available from Derwent (http //www.derwent.com/). A comparison table of web patent databases from Duke University is presented by the university library to help users compare the various resources available and assess which is best for each individual s needs (http //www.lib.duke.edu/chem/ patcomp.htm and at http //www.lib.duke.edu/reference/ subjects/patents.htm). 

P. Pisano has appeared." From the perspective of someone familiar with other iimovative industries as well, he points out some unique difficulties that the biotech sector faces. One of these is that in biotech, the most valuable IP is often not a specific molecule but data, understanding, and insights relating to how that molecule behaves, what it can do, what its potential problems are, and how it might be developed. " Such knowledge resides in the minds of experienced researchers and not necessarily in filings at the US Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), which is rather a scary thought from a patent attorney s point of view. 

Between fiscal years (FY) 1994 and 1995, biotechnology patent applications submitted to the US Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) increased by... 

Gaugler RS (1942) Heat transfer device. US Patent 2,350,348, 21 Apr 1942, US Patent and Trademark Office... 

E Guilani, R Guilani and R Guilani, Maternity support garment, US Patent and Trademark office, US Patent No 6 620 026,2003. 

US Patent and Trademark Office Database 1994-This database comes from Internet Town Hall, an NSF-funded project at New York University School of Business. Full-text access to patent documents is no longer available at this site owing to termination of funding. http //town.hall.org/patent/patent.html... 

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